Prosocial Behavior of Boarding and Non-Boarding Students: A Comparative Analysis in the Context of Religious Higher Education
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38073/almusyrif.v9i1.4534Keywords:
Prosocial Behavior, Islamic Boarding School, Higher Education, Islamic Religious Education, Comparative StudyAbstract
Prosocial behavior is an important indicator of students' social development and is often assumed to be influenced by their residential environment. This study aims to examine the differences in prosocial behavior between boarding and non-boarding students in the Islamic Religious Education Study Program at UIN Syekh Wasil Kediri. Boarding in this study refers to students living in Islamic boarding schools or religious dormitories. The study used a comparative, quantitative approach with a sample of 224 students, comprising 112 boarding and 112 non-boarding students. Data were collected using a prosocial behavior scale and analyzed using an independent samples t-test. The results showed no significant differences in prosocial behavior between boarding and non-boarding students. The small effect size indicates that residential status is not strong enough to explain variations in students' prosocial behavior. These findings emphasize that prosocial behavior needs to be understood in terms of the quality of social experiences, relational support, and the internalization of values, rather than solely in terms of residential category.
Downloads
References
Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Stanford University.
Boateng, G. O., Neilands, T. B., Frongillo, E. A., Melgar-Quiñonez, H. R., & Young, S. L. (2018). Best Practices for Developing and Validating Scales for Health, Social, and Behavioral Research: A Primer. Frontiers in Public Health, 6, 366616. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPUBH.2018.00149/BIBTEX
Carlo, G., Padilla-Walker, L. M., & Hastings, P. D. (2023). Prosocial behaviors and development. In M. Killen & J. G. Smetana (Eds.), Handbook of moral development (pp. 391–407). Routledge.
Caserta, M., Distefano, R., Ferrante, L., & Reito, F. (2023). The Good of Rules: A pilot study on prosocial behavior. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 107, 102085. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SOCEC.2023.102085
Cirimele, F., Pastorelli, C., Remondi, C., Zuffianò, A., Thartori, E., Gerbino, M., Di Giunta, L., Bacchini, D., Oburu, P., Skinner, A. T., Sorbring, E., Steinberg, L., Uribe Tirado, L. M., Yotanyamaneewong, S., Peña Alampay, L., Al-Hassan, S. M., Bornstein, M. H., Chang, L., Deater-Deckard, K., … Lansford, J. E. (2024). The development of prosocial behavior from late childhood to adolescence: A longitudinal and multicultural study. Frontiers in Developmental Psychology, 2, 1472589. https://doi.org/10.3389/fdpys.2024.1472589
Dayakisni, T., & Hudaniah, H. (2009). Psikologi sosial. UMM Press.
Eisenberg, N., & Mussen, P. H. (1989). The Roots of Prosocial Behavior in Children. In The Roots of Prosocial Behavior in Children. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511571121
Fang, S., & Huang, M. (2023). Relationship between Moral Elevation and Prosocial Behavior among College Students: The Mediating Role of Perceived Social Support and Moderating Role of Moral Identity. International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, 25(3), 343–356. https://doi.org/10.32604/IJMHP.2023.027442
Geng, Y., Cheung, S. P., Huang, C.-C., & Liao, J. (2022). Volunteering among Chinese College Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2022, Vol. 19, Page 5154, 19(9), 5154. https://doi.org/10.3390/IJERPH19095154
Huang, Z., Gan, Q., Luo, M., Zhang, Y., Ge, J., Fu, Y., & Chen, Z. (2023). Social support and prosocial behavior in Chinese college students during the COVID-19 outbreak: A moderated mediation model of positive affect and parental care. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1127194. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYG.2023.1127194/TEXT
Hudson, T. D., & Brandenberger, J. (2023). College Students’ Moral and Prosocial Responsibility: Associations with Community Engagement Experiences. Journal of Experiential Education, 46(1), 52–79. https://doi.org/10.1177/10538259221090599;PAGE:STRING:ARTICLE/CHAPTER
Hui, E., Singh, S., Lin, P. K. F., & Dillon, D. (2024). Social Media Influence on Emerging Adults’ Prosocial Behavior: A Systematic Review. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 46(4), 239–265. https://doi.org/10.1080/01973533.2024.2342396
Li, Y., Zhao, G., Li, Y., & Luo, L. (2023). School Boarding and Students’ Prosocial Behaviors: Evidence from Rural China. China and World Economy, 31(3), 115–139. https://doi.org/10.1111/CWE.12486
Lyu, C. (2024). Relations between perceived social support and prosocial behavior among Chinese college students during online learning: Testing mediation and moderation models of meaning in life. Heliyon, 10(18). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37677
Malti, T., & Davidov, M. (2023). The Cambridge Handbook of Prosociality: Development, Mechanisms, Promotion. In T. Malti & M. Davidov (Eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of Prosociality. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108876681
Memmott-Elison, M. K., Holmgren, H. G., Padilla-Walker, L. M., & Hawkins, A. J. (2020). Associations between prosocial behavior, externalizing behaviors, and internalizing symptoms during adolescence: A meta-analysis. Journal of Adolescence, 80, 98–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ADOLESCENCE.2020.01.012
Padilla-Walker, L. M., & Van der Graaff, J. (2022). Prosocial behavior during adolescence and the transition to adulthood. In L. J. Crockett, G. Carlo, & J. E. Schulenberg (Eds.), APA handbook of adolescent and young adult development. (pp. 559–572). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000298-034
Pamungkas, Y. T., & Wilantika, R. (2025). Empati Terhadap Perilaku Prososial Pada Mahasiswa. Psikodinamika: Jurnal Literasi Psikologi, 5(1), 97–108. https://doi.org/10.36636/psikodinamika.v5i1.5724
Pang, Y. L., Song, C., & Ma, C. (2022). Effect of Different Types of Empathy on Prosocial Behavior: Gratitude as Mediator. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 768827. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYG.2022.768827/TEXT
Peng, L., Jiang, Y., Ye, J., & Xiong, Z. (2024). The Impact of Empathy on Prosocial Behavior Among College Students: The Mediating Role of Moral Identity and the Moderating Role of Sense of Security. Behavioral Sciences, 14(11), 1024. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14111024
Purba, A., Lase, S., & Sujudtan Ndruru, ). (2022). Hubungan globalisasi bidang sosial budaya dengan perilaku masyarakat ketimuran di lingkungan ix kwala bekala kecamatan medan johor medan. Jurnal Pendidikan Pancasila Dan Kewarganegaraan, 3(2), 21–30.
Rahal, D., & Singh, A. (2024). Providing emotional support and daily emotional well-being among undergraduate students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 41(8), 2192–2218. https://doi.org/10.1177/02654075241234823
Suroso, S., Maramis, F., & Farid, M. (2023). Meningkatkan perilaku prososial pelajar Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) melalui pembelajaran karakter: Bagaimana efektivitasnya? Persona: Indonesian Psychological Journal, 9(1), 88–104.
van de Groep, S., van de Groep, I. H., & Crone, E. A. (2026). Online prosocial behaviors in adolescence and young adulthood: Differential age and gender patterns for online emotional support and online activism. Computers in Human Behavior Reports, 21(August 2025), 100877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chbr.2025.100877
Wang, Y., Ran, G., Zhang, Q., & Zhang, Q. (2024). The association between social support and prosocial behavior: A three-level meta-analysis. PsyCh Journal, 13(6), 1026–1043. https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.792
Wu, G., & Zhang, L. (2022). Longitudinal Associations between Teacher-Student Relationships and Prosocial Behavior in Adolescence: The Mediating Role of Basic Need Satisfaction. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2022, Vol. 19, Page 14840, 19(22), 14840. https://doi.org/10.3390/IJERPH192214840
Yao, Z., & Li, Y. (2024). Peer support and prosocial behavior among adolescents from low-income families: A moderated mediation model. Journal of Moral Education, 53(2), 342–356. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057240.2023.2214702
Zhou, S., Qin, L., Deng, J., Zhe, J., Jiang, D., Long, S., & Wu, Y. (2025). How classroom climate is linked to prosocial behavior in undergraduate students: A multilevel moderated mediation model of feedback expectation and self-monitoring. BMC Psychology, 14(1), 15-. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-03775-w
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Novi Rosita Rahmawati, Desy Zukhrufia Rahma, Lilla Maturizka Ayu Asfarina, Maziyyatul Muslimah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
