TYPOLOGY OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION NEO-SALAFI VERSUS OF PROGRESSIVE ISLAM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38073/jpi.v10i1.604Keywords:
Keywords: Islamic education, Neo-Salafi, progressive Islam, tarbiyya, ta’dīb, ta’līm.Abstract
Abstract
This article discusses the principles of two traditions of contemporary religious understanding in Islam today. Neo-Salafi and Progressive Islam, where these two groups are in contradiction with ideological principles, religious practice, and orientation. This article analyzes how these two groups develop a typology of Islamic religious education at the system level and the learning process. Some of the indicators studied to explain typology are tarbiyya and ta’dīb which are in the critical and non-critical ta’līm continuum positions in Islamic religious education. By using the descriptive reflective method, the identifier’s purpose of this typology is to provide theoretical contributions to academics and practitioners as material for reflecting on the pedagogical method of Islamic education in the contemporary era.
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References
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Afrianty, Dina. “Islamic Education and Youth Extremism in Indonesia.” Journal of Policing, Intelligence and Counter Terrorism 7, no. 2 (October 1, 2012): 134–46. https://doi.org/10.1080/18335330.2012.719095.
Al-Attas, Muhammad Naquib. The Concept of Education in Islam. Malaysia: Muslim Youth Movement of Malaysia, 1980.
Al-Jabri, M. A. The Religion, State and the Implementation of Sharia. Lebanon: Markez Derasat, 1996.
Azra, Azyumardi. Pendidikan Islam: Tradisi dan Modernisasi di tengah Tantangan Milenium III. Jakarta: Prenada Media, 2019.
Azra, Hidayatulla. “Islamic Education in Indonesia.” International Handbooks of Religion and Education 7, no. 1 (2018): 763–80.
Bassam Tibi. “Islamic Humanism vs. Islamism: Cross Civilizational Bridging.” Soundings: An Interdisciplinary Journal 95, no. 3 (2012): 230. https://doi.org/10.5325/soundings.95.3.0230.
Bush, Sarah Sunn, and Lauren Prather. “Islam, Gender Segregation, and Political Engagement: Evidence from an Experiment in Tunisia.” Political Science Research and Methods, undefined/ed, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1017/psrm.2020.37.
Cook, Bradley J. Classical Foundations of Islamic Educational Thought: A Compendium of Parallel English-Arabic Texts. Provo: Brigham Young University Press, 2010.
Duderija, A. Constructing a Religiously Ideal, Believer, and ,Woman, in Islam: Neo-Traditional Salafi and Progressive Muslims’ Methods of Interpretation. New York: Springer, 2016.
———. Maqasid Al-Shari’a and Contemporary Reformist Muslim Thought: An Examination. New York: Springer, 2014.
Duderija, Adis. “Islam and Gender in the Thought of a Critical-Progressive Muslim Scholar-Activist: Ziba Mir-Hosseini.” Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations 25, no. 4 (October 2, 2014): 433–49. https://doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2014.931043.
———. “Islamic Groups and Their World-Views and Identities: Neo-Traditional Salafis and Progressive Muslims.” Arab Law Quarterly 21, no. 4 (January 1, 2007): 341–63. https://doi.org/10.1163/026805507X247554.
———. “Progressive Muslims—Defining and Delineating Identities and Ways of Being a Muslim.” Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs 30, no. 1 (March 1, 2010): 127–36. https://doi.org/10.1080/13602001003650671.
Fealy, Greg. “Islamic Radicalism in Indonesia: The Faltering Revival?” Southeast Asian Affairs 2004, no. 1 (2004): 104–21.
Gross, Zehavit. “Reflective Teaching as a Path to Religious Meaning-Making and Growth.” Religious Education 105, no. 3 (May 19, 2010): 265–82. https://doi.org/10.1080/00344081003772014.
Haddad, Yvonne Yazbeck. Islamists and the Challenge of Pluralism. Washington, DC: Center for Contemporary Arab Studies and Center for Muslim-Christian …, 1995.
Halstead, J. Mark. “Towards a Unified View of Islamic Education.” Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations 6, no. 1 (June 1, 1995): 25–43. https://doi.org/10.1080/09596419508721040.
Hasan, Noorhaidi. “The Salafi Madrasas of Indonesia.” In The Madrasa in Asia, edited by Farish A. Noor, Yoginder Sikand, and Martin van Bruinessen, 29. Netherlands: Amsterdam University Press, 2008.
Hefner, Robert W. Making Modern Muslims: The Politics of Islamic Education in Southeast Asia. Mānoa valley: University of Hawaii Press, 2008.
Hussain, Amjad. “Islamic Education: Why Is There a Need for It?” Journal of Beliefs & Values 25, no. 3 (December 1, 2004): 317–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/1361767042000306130.
Issa, J. Boullata, and York Press. Trends and Issues in Contemporary Arab Thought. Vol. 152. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1990.
Izfanna, Duna, and Nik Ahmad Hisyam. “A Comprehensive Approach in Developing Akhlaq: A Case Study on the Implementation of Character Education at Pondok Pesantren Darunnajah.” Multicultural Education & Technology Journal 6, no. 2 (January 1, 2012): 77–86. https://doi.org/10.1108/17504971211236254.
Johnston, David. “A Turn in the Epistemology and Hermeneutics of Twentieth Century Uṣūl Al-Fiqh.” Islamic Law and Society 11, no. 2 (January 1, 2004): 233–82. https://doi.org/10.1163/156851904323178764.
Kamrava, Mehran. “Introduction: Reformist Islam in Comparative Perspective.” The New Voices of Islam: Rethinking Politics and Modernity. London: I.B. Tauris, 2006, 15.
Khan, Muhammad Saber. “Humanism and Islamic Education.” Muslim Education Quarterly 4, no. 3 (1987): 25–35.
Kurzman, Charles. “Introduction: Liberal Islam and Its Islamic Context.” Liberal Islam: A Sourcebook, 1998, 3–26.
Meijer, Roel. “Reform in Saudi Arabia: The Gender-Segregation Debate.” Middle East Policy 17, no. 4 (December 2010): 80–100. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4967.2010.00464.x.
Niyozov, Sarfaroz, and Nadeem Memon. “Islamic Education and Islamization: Evolution of Themes, Continuities and New Directions.” Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs 31, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): 5–30. https://doi.org/10.1080/13602004.2011.556886.
Noaparast, Khosrow Bagheri. “Al-Attas Revisited on the Islamic Understanding of Education.” Journal of Shi’a Islamic Studies 5, no. 2 (2012): 149–72. https://doi.org/10.1353/isl.2012.0010.
Opwis, Felicitas. “Maqāṣid Al-Sharīʿa and Contemporary Reformist Muslim Thought: An Examination, Edited by Adis Duderija, 2014.” Islamic Law and Society 23, no. 1–2 (March 14, 2016): 141–46. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685195-02312p06.
Panjwani, Farid. “Fazlur Rahman and the Search for Authentic Islamic Education: A Critical Appreciation.” Curriculum Inquiry 42, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 33–55. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-873X.2011.00574.x.
Raya, Moch Khafidz Fuad. “Kajian Psikologis Taḥfiẓ Al-Qur’an Anak Usia 6-12 Tahun.” Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 9, no. 1 (July 30, 2019): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.38073/jpi.v10i1.198.
Rezai-Rashti, Goli M. “The Politics of Gender Segregation and Women’s Access to Higher Education in the Islamic Republic of Iran: The Interplay of Repression and Resistance.” Gender and Education 27, no. 5 (July 29, 2015): 469–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540253.2015.1045457.
Saada, Najwan, and Zehavit Gross. “Islamic Education and the Challenge of Democratic Citizenship: A Critical Perspective.” Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education 38, no. 6 (November 2, 2017): 807–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/01596306.2016.1191011.
Saeed, Abdullah. “Ijtihad and Innovation in Neo‐Modernist Islamic Thought in Indonesia.” Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations 8, no. 3 (October 1, 1997): 279–95. https://doi.org/10.1080/09596419708721127.
———. Interpreting the Qur’an: Towards a Contemporary Approach. London: Routledge, 2005.
———. “Towards Religious Tolerance Through Reform in Islamic Education: The Case of the State Institute of Islamic Studies of Indonesia.” Indonesia and the Malay World 27, no. 79 (November 1, 1999): 177–91. https://doi.org/10.1080/13639819908729941.
Safi, O. “What Is Progressive Islam?” In ISIM Newsletter, 13:48–49. ISIM, Leiden, 2003. https://hdl.handle.net/1887/16920.
Safi, Omid. Progressive Muslims: On Justice, Gender and Pluralism. Oxford: Simon and Schuster, 2003.
Sahin, Abdullah. New Directions in Islamic Education: Pedagogy and Identity Formation. Markfield, England: Kube Publishing Ltd, 2013.
Salili, Farideh, and Rumjahn Hoosain. Religion in Multicultural Education. Charlotte, North Carolina: IAP, 2006.
Schröter, Susanne. “Debating Salafism, Traditionalism, and Liberalism: Muslims and the State in Germany.” In New Horizons of Muslim Diaspora in North America and Europe, edited by Moha Ennaji, 203–28. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137554963_14.
Soroush, Abdul Karim, and Freedom Reason. Democracy in Islam, Terj. Mahmoud Sadri Dan Ahmad Sadr. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.
Suharto, Toto. “Transnational Islamic Education in Indonesia: An Ideological Perspective.” Contemporary Islam 12, no. 2 (July 1, 2018): 101–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11562-017-0409-3.
Sutomo, Imam. “Modification of Character Education into Akhlaq Education for the Global Community Life.” Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies 4, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 291–316. https://doi.org/10.18326/ijims.v4i2.291-316.
Tibi, Bassam. “Culture and Knowledge: The Politics of Islamization of Knowledge as a Postmodern Project? The Fundamentalist Claim to De-Westernization.” Theory, Culture & Society 12, no. 1 (February 1, 1995): 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1177/026327695012001001.
Waghid, Yusef. Conceptions of Islamic Education: Pedagogical Framings. Global Studies in Education. Peter Lang New York. Vol. 3. Manhattan: Peter Lang New York, 2011.
———. “Islamic Education and Cosmopolitanism: A Philosophical Interlude.” Studies in Philosophy and Education 33, no. 3 (May 1, 2014): 329–42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11217-013-9390-3.
Waghid, Yusef, and Paul Smeyers. “Re-Envisioning the Future: Democratic Citizenship Education and Islamic Education.” Journal of Philosophy of Education 48, no. 4 (November 1, 2014): 539–58. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9752.12118.
Wahid, Din. “Nurturing Salafi Manhaj: A Study of Salafi Pesantren in Contemporary Indonesia.” Wacana 15, no. 2 (August 28, 2014): 367–76. https://doi.org/10.17510/24076899-01502009.
Wilkinson, Matthew L. N. “Introducing Islamic Critical Realism.” Journal of Critical Realism 12, no. 4 (October 1, 2013): 419–42. https://doi.org/10.1179/1476743013Z.00000000014.
Wright, Robin. “Islam and Liberal Democracy: Two Visions of Reformation.” Journal of Democracy 7, no. 2 (1996): 64–75. https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.1996.0037.
Zia, Rukhsana. “Transmission of Values in Muslim Countries: Religious Education and Moral Development in School Curricula.” In School Knowledge in Comparative and Historical Perspective: Changing Curricula in Primary and Secondary Education, edited by Aaron Benavot, Cecilia Braslavsky, and Nhung Truong, 119–34. CERC Studies in Comparative Education. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5736-6_8.
Zubaidah Rahim, Lily. “Discursive Contest between Liberal and Literal Islam in Southeast Asia.” Policy and Society, Asia Early this Century: Contested Polities and Mentalities, 25, no. 4 (January 1, 2006): 77–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1449-4035(06)70091-1.
Afrianty, Dina. “Islamic Education and Youth Extremism in Indonesia.” Journal of Policing, Intelligence and Counter Terrorism 7, no. 2 (October 1, 2012): 134–46. https://doi.org/10.1080/18335330.2012.719095.
Al-Attas, Muhammad Naquib. The Concept of Education in Islam. Malaysia: Muslim Youth Movement of Malaysia, 1980.
Al-Jabri, M. A. The Religion, State and the Implementation of Sharia. Lebanon: Markez Derasat, 1996.
Azra, Azyumardi. Pendidikan Islam: Tradisi dan Modernisasi di tengah Tantangan Milenium III. Jakarta: Prenada Media, 2019.
Azra, Hidayatulla. “Islamic Education in Indonesia.” International Handbooks of Religion and Education 7, no. 1 (2018): 763–80.
Bassam Tibi. “Islamic Humanism vs. Islamism: Cross Civilizational Bridging.” Soundings: An Interdisciplinary Journal 95, no. 3 (2012): 230. https://doi.org/10.5325/soundings.95.3.0230.
Bush, Sarah Sunn, and Lauren Prather. “Islam, Gender Segregation, and Political Engagement: Evidence from an Experiment in Tunisia.” Political Science Research and Methods, undefined/ed, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1017/psrm.2020.37.
Cook, Bradley J. Classical Foundations of Islamic Educational Thought: A Compendium of Parallel English-Arabic Texts. Provo: Brigham Young University Press, 2010.
Duderija, A. Constructing a Religiously Ideal, Believer, and ,Woman, in Islam: Neo-Traditional Salafi and Progressive Muslims’ Methods of Interpretation. New York: Springer, 2016.
———. Maqasid Al-Shari’a and Contemporary Reformist Muslim Thought: An Examination. New York: Springer, 2014.
Duderija, Adis. “Islam and Gender in the Thought of a Critical-Progressive Muslim Scholar-Activist: Ziba Mir-Hosseini.” Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations 25, no. 4 (October 2, 2014): 433–49. https://doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2014.931043.
———. “Islamic Groups and Their World-Views and Identities: Neo-Traditional Salafis and Progressive Muslims.” Arab Law Quarterly 21, no. 4 (January 1, 2007): 341–63. https://doi.org/10.1163/026805507X247554.
———. “Progressive Muslims—Defining and Delineating Identities and Ways of Being a Muslim.” Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs 30, no. 1 (March 1, 2010): 127–36. https://doi.org/10.1080/13602001003650671.
Fealy, Greg. “Islamic Radicalism in Indonesia: The Faltering Revival?” Southeast Asian Affairs 2004, no. 1 (2004): 104–21.
Gross, Zehavit. “Reflective Teaching as a Path to Religious Meaning-Making and Growth.” Religious Education 105, no. 3 (May 19, 2010): 265–82. https://doi.org/10.1080/00344081003772014.
Haddad, Yvonne Yazbeck. Islamists and the Challenge of Pluralism. Washington, DC: Center for Contemporary Arab Studies and Center for Muslim-Christian …, 1995.
Halstead, J. Mark. “Towards a Unified View of Islamic Education.” Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations 6, no. 1 (June 1, 1995): 25–43. https://doi.org/10.1080/09596419508721040.
Hasan, Noorhaidi. “The Salafi Madrasas of Indonesia.” In The Madrasa in Asia, edited by Farish A. Noor, Yoginder Sikand, and Martin van Bruinessen, 29. Netherlands: Amsterdam University Press, 2008.
Hefner, Robert W. Making Modern Muslims: The Politics of Islamic Education in Southeast Asia. Mānoa valley: University of Hawaii Press, 2008.
Hussain, Amjad. “Islamic Education: Why Is There a Need for It?” Journal of Beliefs & Values 25, no. 3 (December 1, 2004): 317–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/1361767042000306130.
Issa, J. Boullata, and York Press. Trends and Issues in Contemporary Arab Thought. Vol. 152. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1990.
Izfanna, Duna, and Nik Ahmad Hisyam. “A Comprehensive Approach in Developing Akhlaq: A Case Study on the Implementation of Character Education at Pondok Pesantren Darunnajah.” Multicultural Education & Technology Journal 6, no. 2 (January 1, 2012): 77–86. https://doi.org/10.1108/17504971211236254.
Johnston, David. “A Turn in the Epistemology and Hermeneutics of Twentieth Century Uṣūl Al-Fiqh.” Islamic Law and Society 11, no. 2 (January 1, 2004): 233–82. https://doi.org/10.1163/156851904323178764.
Kamrava, Mehran. “Introduction: Reformist Islam in Comparative Perspective.” The New Voices of Islam: Rethinking Politics and Modernity. London: I.B. Tauris, 2006, 15.
Khan, Muhammad Saber. “Humanism and Islamic Education.” Muslim Education Quarterly 4, no. 3 (1987): 25–35.
Kurzman, Charles. “Introduction: Liberal Islam and Its Islamic Context.” Liberal Islam: A Sourcebook, 1998, 3–26.
Meijer, Roel. “Reform in Saudi Arabia: The Gender-Segregation Debate.” Middle East Policy 17, no. 4 (December 2010): 80–100. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4967.2010.00464.x.
Niyozov, Sarfaroz, and Nadeem Memon. “Islamic Education and Islamization: Evolution of Themes, Continuities and New Directions.” Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs 31, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): 5–30. https://doi.org/10.1080/13602004.2011.556886.
Noaparast, Khosrow Bagheri. “Al-Attas Revisited on the Islamic Understanding of Education.” Journal of Shi’a Islamic Studies 5, no. 2 (2012): 149–72. https://doi.org/10.1353/isl.2012.0010.
Opwis, Felicitas. “Maqāṣid Al-Sharīʿa and Contemporary Reformist Muslim Thought: An Examination, Edited by Adis Duderija, 2014.” Islamic Law and Society 23, no. 1–2 (March 14, 2016): 141–46. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685195-02312p06.
Panjwani, Farid. “Fazlur Rahman and the Search for Authentic Islamic Education: A Critical Appreciation.” Curriculum Inquiry 42, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 33–55. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-873X.2011.00574.x.
Raya, Moch Khafidz Fuad. “Kajian Psikologis Taḥfiẓ Al-Qur’an Anak Usia 6-12 Tahun.” Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 9, no. 1 (July 30, 2019): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.38073/jpi.v10i1.198.
Rezai-Rashti, Goli M. “The Politics of Gender Segregation and Women’s Access to Higher Education in the Islamic Republic of Iran: The Interplay of Repression and Resistance.” Gender and Education 27, no. 5 (July 29, 2015): 469–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540253.2015.1045457.
Saada, Najwan, and Zehavit Gross. “Islamic Education and the Challenge of Democratic Citizenship: A Critical Perspective.” Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education 38, no. 6 (November 2, 2017): 807–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/01596306.2016.1191011.
Saeed, Abdullah. “Ijtihad and Innovation in Neo‐Modernist Islamic Thought in Indonesia.” Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations 8, no. 3 (October 1, 1997): 279–95. https://doi.org/10.1080/09596419708721127.
———. Interpreting the Qur’an: Towards a Contemporary Approach. London: Routledge, 2005.
———. “Towards Religious Tolerance Through Reform in Islamic Education: The Case of the State Institute of Islamic Studies of Indonesia.” Indonesia and the Malay World 27, no. 79 (November 1, 1999): 177–91. https://doi.org/10.1080/13639819908729941.
Safi, O. “What Is Progressive Islam?” In ISIM Newsletter, 13:48–49. ISIM, Leiden, 2003. https://hdl.handle.net/1887/16920.
Safi, Omid. Progressive Muslims: On Justice, Gender and Pluralism. Oxford: Simon and Schuster, 2003.
Sahin, Abdullah. New Directions in Islamic Education: Pedagogy and Identity Formation. Markfield, England: Kube Publishing Ltd, 2013.
Salili, Farideh, and Rumjahn Hoosain. Religion in Multicultural Education. Charlotte, North Carolina: IAP, 2006.
Schröter, Susanne. “Debating Salafism, Traditionalism, and Liberalism: Muslims and the State in Germany.” In New Horizons of Muslim Diaspora in North America and Europe, edited by Moha Ennaji, 203–28. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137554963_14.
Soroush, Abdul Karim, and Freedom Reason. Democracy in Islam, Terj. Mahmoud Sadri Dan Ahmad Sadr. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.
Suharto, Toto. “Transnational Islamic Education in Indonesia: An Ideological Perspective.” Contemporary Islam 12, no. 2 (July 1, 2018): 101–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11562-017-0409-3.
Sutomo, Imam. “Modification of Character Education into Akhlaq Education for the Global Community Life.” Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies 4, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 291–316. https://doi.org/10.18326/ijims.v4i2.291-316.
Tibi, Bassam. “Culture and Knowledge: The Politics of Islamization of Knowledge as a Postmodern Project? The Fundamentalist Claim to De-Westernization.” Theory, Culture & Society 12, no. 1 (February 1, 1995): 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1177/026327695012001001.
Waghid, Yusef. Conceptions of Islamic Education: Pedagogical Framings. Global Studies in Education. Peter Lang New York. Vol. 3. Manhattan: Peter Lang New York, 2011.
———. “Islamic Education and Cosmopolitanism: A Philosophical Interlude.” Studies in Philosophy and Education 33, no. 3 (May 1, 2014): 329–42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11217-013-9390-3.
Waghid, Yusef, and Paul Smeyers. “Re-Envisioning the Future: Democratic Citizenship Education and Islamic Education.” Journal of Philosophy of Education 48, no. 4 (November 1, 2014): 539–58. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9752.12118.
Wahid, Din. “Nurturing Salafi Manhaj: A Study of Salafi Pesantren in Contemporary Indonesia.” Wacana 15, no. 2 (August 28, 2014): 367–76. https://doi.org/10.17510/24076899-01502009.
Wilkinson, Matthew L. N. “Introducing Islamic Critical Realism.” Journal of Critical Realism 12, no. 4 (October 1, 2013): 419–42. https://doi.org/10.1179/1476743013Z.00000000014.
Wright, Robin. “Islam and Liberal Democracy: Two Visions of Reformation.” Journal of Democracy 7, no. 2 (1996): 64–75. https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.1996.0037.
Zia, Rukhsana. “Transmission of Values in Muslim Countries: Religious Education and Moral Development in School Curricula.” In School Knowledge in Comparative and Historical Perspective: Changing Curricula in Primary and Secondary Education, edited by Aaron Benavot, Cecilia Braslavsky, and Nhung Truong, 119–34. CERC Studies in Comparative Education. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5736-6_8.
Zubaidah Rahim, Lily. “Discursive Contest between Liberal and Literal Islam in Southeast Asia.” Policy and Society, Asia Early this Century: Contested Polities and Mentalities, 25, no. 4 (January 1, 2006): 77–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1449-4035(06)70091-1.
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2020-07-30
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Saada, Najwan. 2020. “TYPOLOGY OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION NEO-SALAFI VERSUS OF PROGRESSIVE ISLAM”. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 10 (1):34-47. https://doi.org/10.38073/jpi.v10i1.604.
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