Al-Ghazali’s Psycho-Spiritual Counseling Theory: Guidance and Counseling from the Perspective of Islamic Philosophers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38073/almusyrif.v8i1.2325Keywords:
Counseling, Psycho-Spiritual, Al-Ghazali, Islamic Perspective, Islamic PhilosopherAbstract
The rapid development of guidance and counseling science and its mutual refinement is a positive trend that needs to be continued. Likewise, Islamic counseling theories need to be introduced and implemented in the science of guidance and counseling. One of the theories that is important to know and glorify is Al-Ghazali’s psycho-spiritual counseling theory. This research aims to conduct an in-depth study of Al-Ghazali’s psycho-spiritual counseling theory. The research is oriented towards a qualitative approach, utilizing the library research method. Furthermore, it is analyzed by using the content analysis method. The results of this study explain that Al-Ghazali’s psycho-spiritual counseling theory focuses on revamping the aspects of al-nafs, al-qalb, al-ruh, and al-’aql as an effort to alleviate individual problems. This counseling is carried out through 5 important stages, namely, building good relationships with clients, recognizing themselves and identifying the causes of problems, applying the tazkiyah al-nafs approach with the rules of mujahadah al-nafs (takhalli), applying the tazkiyah al-nafs approach with the rules of riyadah al-nafs (tahalli) and assessment. The results of this study can be one of the guidelines and credible sources regarding the implementation of Al-Ghazali’s psycho-spiritual counseling, so that it can be applied as an intervention effort in overcoming individual problems.
Downloads
References
Adlini, M., Dinda, A., Yulinda, S., Chotimah, O., & Merliyana, S. (2022). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif Studi Pustaka. Edumaspul: Jurnal Pendidikan, 6(1), 974–980. https://doi.org/10.33487/edumaspul.v6i1.3394
Ahmad, R., & Hassan, Si. (2015). Tazkiyatun Nafs (Purification of the Soul): A Psycho-Spiritual Approach in Strengthening Marriage Relationships. Social Sciences: Elixir International Journal, 83, 33239–33242.
Al-Ghazali. (2000). Ihya’ Ulum Al-Din. Kaherah: Dar Al-Taqwa li Al-Turath.
Ali, Z., Ismail, N., & Ahmad, K. (2023). A Study of Imam Al-Ghazali’s Approach in Strengthening Spirituality, Psychology and Mental Health of Muslims. Journal for Re Attach Therapy and Developmental Diversities, 6(10s2), 409–421. https://jrtdd.com
Amin, M., Fridani, L., & Marjo, H. K. (2019). Penerapan Pendekatan Konseling Islami Untuk Meningkatkan Kecerdasan Interpersonal Peserta Didik SMA Negeri 15 Jakarta. Jurnal Edukasi: Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling, 5(2), 193–210. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/je.v5i2.5579
Arifin, S., & Hamjah, S. (2017). Aplikasi Tazkiyah Al-Nafs Menerusi Mujahadah Al-Nafs dalam Kaunseling. Jurnal Fikiran Masyarakat, 5(2).
Arikunto, S. (2006). Prosedur Penelitian: Suatu Pendekatan Praktik. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Ebrahimi, M., Gholami, A., & Yusoff, K. (2021). Al-Ghazali’s Ma’rifah and Mahabbah’s Relations. International Journal of Islamic Thought, 20, 65–76. https://doi.org/10.24035/ijit.20.2021.211
Erhamwilda. (2009). Konseling Islami. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu.
Ezdianie, N., & Tajudin, Mohd. (2019). Teori Kaunseling Psiko-Spiritual Al-Ghazali: Suatu Pendekatan Alternatif dalam Intervensi Kaunseling (The Al-Ghazali Psycho-Spiritual Counseling Theory: An Alternative Approach in Counseling Interventions). Global Jurnal Al-Thaqafah, 9(3). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.7187/GJAT122019-7
Fathurrahman. (2020). Filsafat Islam. Bandung: Manggu Makmur Tanjung Lestari.
Fikri, H. (2024). The Application Of Spiritual Counseling To Overcome Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD): A Case Study On Client “I” From Gombak, Selangor, Malaysia. JKPI: Jurnal Konseling Pendidikan Islam, 5(2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.32806/jkpi.v5i2.159
Ghani, A. J., Bhari, A., Ishak, N. A., Daud, W. N., Ahmad, T. A. A., & Suhartiwi. (2024). The Effect of Al-Ghazali Therapeutic Consultation Module (KiTA) on Mental Health and Spiritual Intelligence among Students. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 14(11). https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v14-i11/23540
Gumilang, G. (2015). Urgensi kesadaran budaya konselor dalam melaksanakan layanan bimbingan dan konseling untuk mengahadapi masyarakat ekonomi Asean (MEA). Guidena: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, Psikologi, Bimbingan Dan Konseling, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.24127/gdn.v5i2.316
Hamid, H., & Deraman, S. (2023). Kaunseling Islam: Integrasi Dan Asimilasi Perspektif Al-Ghazali Sebagai Pendekatan Kaunseling Spiritual Untuk Pelbagai Agama . Proceeding International Seminar on Da’wah IV.
Hamjah, H., Arifin, M., Rasit, M., & Rahman, A. (2020). Islamic Spiritual Approach in Developing a Positive Mindset. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change. Www.Ijicc.Net, 10, 2020. www.ijicc.net
Hamjah, S. (2018). Pendekatan Kaunseling Spiritual Menurut Al-Ghazali. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Hamjah, S. (2022). Tazkiyah Al-Nafs in the Islamic Counseling Process from al-Ghazali’s Perspective. Ibn Khaldun International Journal of Economic, Community Empowerment and Sustainability. Journal Homepage: |index |, 1(1), 19–28. http://ejournal2.uika-bogor.ac.id/index.php/IIJECES/
Hamjah, S., Rozali, E., Rasit, R., & Ismail, Z. (2012). Perkaitan Amalan Spiritual Dengan Pencapaian Akademik Pelajar. ASEAN Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 2.
Hamjah, S., Zainab, I., & Shakirah, N. (2012). Kaedah Penerapan Ibadah Dalam Kaunseling. Sains Humanika, 59(1), 87–92. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.11113/sh.v59n1.188
Hartati, S. (2018). Tazkiyatun nafs as an effort to reduce premarital sexual behavior of adolescents. Islamic Guidance and Counseling Journal, 1(1), 33–44. https://doi.org/10.25217/igcj.v1i1.207
Ismail, A. I., & Uyuni, B. (2020). Ghazali’s Sufism and Its Influence in Indonesia. DINIKA : Academic Journal of Islamic Studies, 4(1), 21–44. https://doi.org/10.22515/dinika.v4i1.1712
Ismail, N. B., & Hamjah, S. (2017). Pendekatan Tazkiyah Al-Nafs dalam Menghadapi Postpartum Depression: Satu Analisis Literatur. Jurnal Fikiran Masyarakat, 5(3).
Jamiah, S., Yusoff, Y. M., & Rozmi, I. (2017). Pembinaan Konsep Kendiri dari Perspektif Barat dan Islam. Jurnal Usuluddin, 45(1), 1–26. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22452/usuluddin.vol45no1.1
Jung, C. (1933). Modern Man In Search of a Soul. London: Routledge.
Massuhartono, & Mukaromah, H. (2019). Konsep Kepribadian Menurut al-Ghazali dan Kontribusinya dalam Proses Konseling. Al-Irsyad: Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling Islam, 1(2), 201–218. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24952/bki.v1i2.2043
Mirzaqon, A., & Purwoko, B. (2017). Studi Kepustakaan Mengenai Landasan Teori dan Praktik Konseling Expressive Writing. Jurnal BK UNESA, 4(1).
Mobarak, T. (2022). “Variation” in Approaches to Human Psyche: Exploring Al-Ghazālī’s Influence on Freudian Psychoanalysis. Comparative Literature: East and West, 6(1), 64–79. https://doi.org/10.1080/25723618.2022.2027117
Muhammad, R. (2021). Teknik konseling Islami dan relevansinya pada proses konseling:studi dalam kitab Kmiya’ Al-Sa’adah karya Imam Al-Ghazali. Jurnal Madaniyah, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.1037/11872-000
Poya, A., Rizapoor, H., & Lecturere, ). (2023). Al-Ghazali’s Theory of Real Knowledge: An Exploration of Knowledge Integration in Islamic Epistemology through Contemporary Perspectives. International Journal Of Humanities Education And Social Sciences (IJHESS) E-ISSN, 3(2), 2808–1765. https://ijhess.com/index.php/ijhess/
Purwanto, Y., Saepudin, A., Shofaussamawati, Islamy, M. R. F., & Baharuddin, D. (2023). Tasawwuf moderation in higher education: Empirical study of Al-Ghazālī’s Tasawwuf contribution to intellectual society. Cogent Social Sciences, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2023.2192556
Quackenbos, S., Privette, G., & Klentz, B. (1985). Psychotherapy: Sacred or Secular? Journal of Counseling and Development, 63, 290–293. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6676.1985.tb00661.x
Safitri, D., Zakaria, & Kahfi, A. (2023). Pendidikan Kecerdasan Spiritual Perspektif Al-Ghazali Dan Relevansinya Dengan Emotional Spiritual Quotient (ESQ). Jurnal Tarbawi, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.51476/tarbawi.v6i1.467
Sarmani, Y., & Ninggal, Mohd. (2008). Teori Kaunseling Al-Ghazali. Selangor: PTS Islamika.
Supriyanto. (2022). AL-GHAZALI’S METAPHYSICAL PHILOSOPHY OF SPIRITUALISM IN THE BOOK OF IHYA ‘ULUMUDDIN. Devotion: Journal of Community Service, 3(5). https://doi.org/10.36418/dev.v3i5.138
Tajudin, Mohd. (2018). Teori Kaunseling al-Ghazali: Suatu Pendekatan Alternatif Masa Kini. Kolokium Bimbingan Dan Kaunseling Negeri Johor.
Taufik, & Yeni Karneli. (2017). Buku Ajar Teknik dan Laboratorium Konseling . Padang: Jurusan BK FIP UNP.
Wahid, A., & Neviyarni, N. (2024). Guidance and counseling efforts to improve students’ academic self-efficacy: a systematic literature review. COUNSENESIA: Indonesia Journal of Guidance and Counseling, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.36728/cijgc.v5i2.4188
Warsah, I. (2017). Interconnection of Thought of Al-Ghazāli and Sigmund Freud About Human Potential. Kontekstualita: Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Dan Keagamaan, 33(1). https://ojp.e-journal.lp2m.uinjambi.ac.id/index.php/Kontekstualita/article/view/30
Yaacob, N. R. N. (2013). Cognitive Therapy Approach from Islamic Psycho-spiritual Conception. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 97, 182–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.10.220
Yuseri, A., Sapora, S., & Munira, A. (2010). Peranan Kerohanian Dalam Menangani Gejala Dadah. Jurnal Antidadah Malaysia, 2(2), 137–154.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Ahmad Wahid, Yeni Karneli, Solfema Solfema, Fathul Qorib
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
