Batuthah: Jurnal Sejarah Padaban Islam

The Thangal Kings of Malabar: A Study of Sayyid Fazal Mouladdavila and Sayyid Husain Shihabuddin as influential leaders in nineteenth century Malabar

Abdul Vahid K — 2025-09-02

In the 19 century AD, Malabar became a center of anti-colonial resistance involving Sayyid figures such as Sayyid Fazal Mouladdavila and Sayyid Husain Shihabuddin, who served as both religious and political leaders. Rooted in the tradition of the Hadrami diaspora, they combined spiritual authority and militant activism to mobilize resistance against British colonialism. The research method used by the author is the historical method, which is divided into four stages: source collection, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. This research also analyzes colonial correspondence, British administrative reports, and local archives to reveal the role of the Sayyids in resisting colonialism, the influence of Sufi networks, and religious legitimacy among marginalized communities. The findings show how Sayyid figures navigated religious, social, and political landscapes to challenge both colonial authorities and local feudal elites. Sayyid Fazal and Sayyid Husain were not only respected spiritual leaders but also central actors in organizing sustained resistance. Their integration into local society through kinship ties and religious leadership provided grassroots support and political credibility. Their activism represents a unique model of Islamic anti-colonial leadership that operated through theological discourse and strategic community engagement, offering a more nuanced understanding of Muslim resistance in South Asia.

Historiografi Blambangan: Akulturasi Hindu-Islam Dalam Nisan, Babad, Dan Tradisi Abad 19 Masehi

Abdur Rahman — 2025-09-04

Blambangan, which is the easternmost region of Java Island, has a long history as the last Hindu stronghold in Java and serves as an important transitional space in the process of Islamization. This research aims to reveal how the process of religious blending occurred, as well as how local historical narratives represent this blending in the form of tombstones, babad (chronicles) texts, and oral traditions. Through a qualitative approach using historical methods divided into Heuristics, Criticism, Interpretation, and Historiography. This study finds that the blending process of Hinduism and Islam was a form of cultural acculturation that took place peacefully and continuously. The political transition from local kingdoms to colonial rule also encouraged the transformation of the local community’s religious and cultural identity. The spread of Islam did not completely erase the Hindu cultural heritage but instead occurred within a harmonious framework of acculturation. This is evident in religious practices, customs, architecture, and social systems that combine Hindu elements with Islamic values. The spatial layout of the city of Banyuwangi, the establishment of the Great Mosque Baiturrahman, as well as the existence of tombstones with Arabic-Pegon inscriptions. Local historiography, such as the Babad Blambangan, along with colonial records and archaeological findings, reinforces the narrative that the Hindu-Islam blending in Blambangan was not merely a process of religious conversion, but rather a complex socio-cultural transformation.

Pelestarian Nilai Dan Simbol Islam-Jawa Dalam Ruang Keagamaan Masjid Menara Kudus Perspektif Pierre Bourdieu

Muhammad Rizky Shorfana — 2025-09-06

The Menara Kudus Mosque is a historical site that represents the acculturation of Javanese and Islamic culture through its architecture, symbols, and religious practices within it. This study aims to examine the preservation of Islamic-Javanese values and symbols embodied in the religious space of the Menara Kudus Mosque through the perspective of Pierre Bourdieu. The research employs a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach, utilizing observation, in-depth interviews, and literature study. The findings reveal that the Menara Kudus Mosque is not merely a place of worship, but also a socially meaningful space, where the transmission of Islamic-Javanese values takes place through collective rituals, historical narratives, and everyday practices that are repetitive yet symbolically charged. The cultural and symbolic capital contained in elements such as the temple-like tower, the khoul tradition, the prohibition of slaughtering cows, and the pilgrimage to the tomb of Sunan Kudus, demonstrates a form of legitimized power that is socially institutionalized and culturally inherited. In this context, the mosque functions as a field of value preservation, where Islam is not presented in an exclusive form but is intertwined with local structures of meaning that have been internalized within the community’s habitus. This study recommends that local religious spaces be reflectively read as living social texts, which not only preserve tradition but also shape religious consciousness and cultural identity in ways that remain relevant in addressing contemporary challenges.

Epistemologi Reformisme Islam Abad ke-19 di Mesir: Transformasi Historis Pemikiran Jamaluddin al-Afghani dan Muhammad Abduh

Abd. Bashir Fatmal — 2025-09-06

In the 19 century, the Islamic world faced a great upheaval due to the expansion of Western colonialism and the epistemological crisis that struck its intellectual tradition. This condition gave rise to an urgent need for the reconstruction of Islamic thought that was able to respond to the challenges of modernity while at the same time maintaining Islamic identity. This article discusses the dynamics of Islamic reform in Egypt with its main focus on the epistemological synthesis formed from the teacher-student relationship between al-Afghani and Abduh, which aims to understand their ideas as a reference in creating Islamic thought in all aspects. The results of the research show that al-Afghani emphasized pan-Islamism and political resistance against Western hegemony, while Abduh focused on institutional reform, the rationalization of theology, and the modernization of Islamic education, particularly through Al-Azhar. Their collaboration through the publication of the journal Al-Urwah al-Wuthqa reflected the spirit of transnational reform that was able to reach various regions of the Islamic world. This article also highlights their contribution in shaping a reformist Islamic epistemology that integrates reason and revelation contextually. Their intellectual legacy not only dismantled the narrative of Islamic intellectual stagnation constructed by Orientalists, but also provided the foundation for the emergence of reform movements in South Asia and Southeast Asia. Thus, their ideas remain relevant in formulating Islam as a value system that is rational, ethical, and solution-oriented toward the modern problems of the Muslim community.

Masjid Al Mahmudiyah Dan Penyebaran Islam Di Wilayah Suro Palembang Tahun 1920-1925 Masehi

Rakha Agusti Amanullah — 2025-09-07

In the city of Palembang there is a mosque named “Al-Mahmudiyah Mosque”, which was originally known as Suro Mosque. This mosque is one of the real proofs of the strategic role as the propagation of Islam. This mosque is not only a spiritual symbol, but also a driving force of Islamic da‘wah that was very influential, especially in the Suro area in the early 20th century. The purpose of writing this study is motivated by the unique position of the mosque which rose from the period of colonial oppression, which is a religious activities were prohibited for more than three decades, and then became a symbol of spiritual and social revival of the local Muslim community. This research uses the historical method with a qualitative approach, through the tracing of archives, colonial documents, as well as interviews with community leaders and descendants of local ulama. The results of the study reveal that after the lifting of the colonial prohibition, Al-Mahmudiyah Mosque carried out multidimensional roles. Religiously, the construction of the minaret (1925) and the revitalization of Friday prayers and Islamic study circles functioned as effective tools of consolidation and education of the ummah. Thus, Al-Mahmudiyah Mosque can be regarded as a center of da‘wah and strengthening of Islamic identity that also shaped the religious dynamics of the Suro community of Palembang in the early 20th century AD.

Organisasi Mahasiswa Melayu Pattani di Lampung: Kontinuitas, Perubahan dan Tantangan Tahun 2009-2024

Husen Ismae — 2025-09-08

Since their arrival in Indonesia, Pattani Malay students have played a pivotal role in fostering solidarity, strengthening Islamic identity, and expanding intellectual networks. One significant outcome of this dynamic was the establishment of the Association of Pattani Malay Students in Indonesia in Lampung, in 2009. Despite its importance, research on this organization remains limited, with most studies focusing on the broader history of the Pattani student diaspora in Indonesia rather than examining the continuity, transformation, and challenges of PMMPI in the specific local context of Lampung. This study adopts the historical method, comprising four stages: heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Data were collected from organizational documents, activity archives, relevant literature, and interviews with core leaders spanning the period from 2012 to 2024. The findings indicate that PMMPI has sustained its continuity through systematic cadre regeneration and the affirmation of Islamic values as the foundation of identity. Organizational changes have occurred in terms of structure, nomenclature, and strategic orientation, demonstrating adaptability to social, political, and academic dynamics. At the same time, the organization has faced persistent challenges, including language barriers, social integration, and global crises such as the Covid-19 pandemic. Overall, the study underscores that PMMPI functions not merely as a student association, but also as an agent of identity formation, solidarity, and adaptation for Pattani students in Indonesia. The implications highlight the need for further exploration of the role of diaspora organizations in reinforcing religious, national, and academic ties within the context of globalization.

Penyerangan Mongol Terhadap Dinasti Abbasiyah Dan Dampaknya Pada Peradaban Islam Serta Bidang Sosial-Politik Tahun 1258 M

Miftahul Jannatil Harvina — 2025-09-09

The Mongol invasion in 1258 AD brought an end to the glory of the Abbasid Dynasty, which for centuries had been the political and intellectual center of Islam. This event not only toppled Baghdad as the epicenter of civilization but also shook the social and political order of the Islamic world. This research employs the library research method by examining and analyzing various primary and secondary sources discussing the history of the Mongol invasion. The analysis is carried out through a qualitative approach using content analysis to explore the impact of the event on Islamic civilization in its political aspect. Based on the findings, although the city of Baghdad suffered severe destruction as a result of Hulagu Khan’s invasion in 1258 AD which simultaneously marked the end of the central authority of the Abbasid Dynasty, the event in fact became a catalyst for major transformation in the history of the Islamic world. The Mongol assault, which initially brought devastation, paradoxically opened the way for a new phase of revival. The Ilkhanate Dynasty, which at first posed a threat to Muslims, eventually embraced Islam and played a strategic role in rebuilding political stability in the previously ravaged regions. This included the implementation of the jizyah tax on non-Muslims, the prohibition of usury, and the obligation for officials to wear turbans as an Islamic identity marker.

Integrasi Islam Dalam Struktur Pemerintahan Dan Kehidupan Sosial Kedatuan Suppa Di Ajatappareng Abad 17 Masehi

Abdul Azis — 2025-10-18

The process of Islamization in the Kedatuan Suppa in the 17 century AD took place through various channels, not only influenced by trading activities and the arrival of preachers from outside, but also by the central role of the palace, especially Datu We Passulle Daeng Bulaeng. This research aims to examine how Islam was integrated into the governmental structure and the social life of the Suppa community at that time. By using the historical method which consists of heuristics, criticism, interpretation, as well as historiography and an anthropological-sociological approach, this research studies the role of the palace in institutionalizing Islam through the establishment of Parewa Syara’ as well as the alignment of Bugis customs with the values of sharia. The results of the research show that Islam did not completely replace customs, but rather carried out a process of acculturation with local values that were in accordance with the principle of tawhid. This transformation is evident in governance, religious practices, and life rituals such as birth, marriage, and death. Overall, Islam appeared as a normative and cultural force that strengthened the socio-political order of the Kedatuan Suppa in an adaptive and transformative manner.

Kodifikasi Hadis Sebagai Fondasi Hukum Islam Pada Era Umar Bin Abdul Aziz Daulah Umayyah di Damaskus 717-720 M

Nur Rachmah Catur Setyaningsih — 2025-10-21

The codification of hadith in early Islam has received limited attention as a foundational stage in developing a systematic and institutionalized Islamic legal system. Most studies focus on the Abbasid period, whereas the Umayyad Caliphate played a crucial role in the transition from oral traditions to written law. This article analyzes the role of hadith codification as a foundation of early Islamic law, particularly through the contributions of key figures such as Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz and Imam al-Zuhri. This study employs a qualitative-historical approach combined with library research, using content analysis to identify main themes, codification patterns, and political-legal strategies. The historical approach examines the socio-political and legal context of Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz’s reign, while library research draws on primary sources, such as classical hadith collections and historical chronicles, alongside secondary academic literature. Findings indicate that hadith codification under Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz marked a pivotal transformation of Islamic law from oral and localized forms to a written, standardized, and transregional structure. Beyond preventing forged hadith, codification functioned as a political strategy to unify legal authority and laid the groundwork for legal methodologies that shaped classical Islamic legal traditions.