[1]
Aorta Abdillah A’laa, Ahmad Kholil and Fadil S. J 2026. The Decline of Islamic Civilization In The Transition Era From the Ottoman Sultanate To The Republik of Turkey 1908-1938: A Historical and Socio-Political Analysis. Batuthah: Jurnal Sejarah Padaban Islam. 5, 1 (Mar. 2026), 70–82. DOI:https://doi.org/10.38073/batuthah.v5i1.4024.