Introduction to Arabic Dictation (Imlā’): A Foundational Guide to Writing Accuracy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38073/almuhawaroh.v2i1.3503Keywords:
Arabic dictation, Foundational Guide, Writing AccuracyAbstract
The mastery of imlāʾ (Arabic dictation) constitutes a fundamental component of Arabic language learning, yet it often receives less pedagogical attention compared to reading, speaking, and grammar. This study investigates the implementation of Kitāb Imlāʾ by Ustaz Hasan Basri as a practical instructional resource designed to improve students’ spelling accuracy. Employing a qualitative case study at Pondok Pesantren Darullughah Wadda’wah in Pasuruan, Indonesia, the research involved 32 fourth-grade (ibtidāʾī) students through classroom observations, semi-structured interviews, and pre- and post-test dictation tasks. Findings indicate that the systematic use of the kitab, with its step-by-step exercises and repetitive drills, effectively reduced error rates from 38% to 17%. Students demonstrated significant improvement in distinguishing tāʾ marbūṭah from hāʾ and in applying hamzah rules, while teachers confirmed that the kitab provided practical exercises rather than abstract theory. Nonetheless, certain challenges persisted, particularly in mastering hamzah rules and overcoming mother-tongue interference. The study highlights the value of localized, practice-oriented resources in enhancing imlāʾ pedagogy and recommends integrating Kitāb Imlāʾ as a central element in Arabic literacy instruction.
Downloads
References
Allen, J. (2023). Words, Words, Words: Teaching Vocabulary in Grades 4-12 (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781032683232
Al-Shbail, A. O., & Diab, M. A. B. (2018). Arabic Writing, Spelling Errors and Methods of Treatment. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 9(5), 1026. https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.0905.17
Arisandi, Y., & Habib, Moh. T. (2025). Optimizing YouTube for Interactive Arabic Learning in Pesantren: Effective Content Creation Strategies. International Journal of Arabic Language Teaching, 7(02), 239–254. https://doi.org/10.32332/ijalt.v7i02.10363
Baharun, S. (2025). Innovative Approaches to Teaching Arabic Vocabulary to Novice Learners. Lahjatuna: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab, 4(2), 77–88. https://doi.org/10.38073/lahjatuna.v4i2.2535
Baharun, S., & Hanifansyah, N. (2024). Efektivitas Pembelajaran Kitab Al-Af’al Al-Yaumiyyah pada Daurah Ramadhan di Pon Pes Dalwa. Shaut Al-Arabiyah, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.24252/saa.v12i2.52825
Baharun, S., Solehudin, M., Masnun, & Syaheed, S. M. (2025). The I’rab Method of Habib Hasan Baharun: Impact on Arabic Grammar Instruction. Al-Muhawaroh: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab, 1(1), 23–35. https://doi.org/10.38073/almuhawaroh.v1i1.2636
Belina, A. (2023). Semi-structured interviewing as a tool for understanding informal civil society. https://doi.org/10.1332/204080522X16454629995872
Brewer, W. F. (2024). The Problem of Meaning and the Interrelations of the Higher Mental Processes. In W. B. Weimer & D. S. Palermo, Cognition and the Symbolic Processes (1st ed., pp. 263–298). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003482833-12
Campbell, R., Goodman-Williams, R., Feeney, H., & Fehler-Cabral, G. (2020). Assessing Triangulation Across Methodologies, Methods, and Stakeholder Groups: The Joys, Woes, and Politics of Interpreting Convergent and Divergent Data. American Journal of Evaluation, 41(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098214018804195
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2020). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. SAGE Publications.
Creswell, J. W., Hanson, W. E., Clark Plano, V. L., & Morales, A. (2007). Qualitative Research Designs: Selection and Implementation. The Counseling Psychologist, 35(2), 236–264. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000006287390
Denaro, K., Sato, B., Harlow, A., Aebersold, A., & Verma, M. (2021). Comparison of Cluster Analysis Methodologies for Characterization of Classroom Observation Protocol for Undergraduate STEM (COPUS) Data. CBE—Life Sciences Education, 20(1), ar3. https://doi.org/10.1187/cbe.20-04-0077
Febriyanti, N., Anugrah, Y. F., & Fajar, A. (2025). Pelatihan Penulisan Bahasa Arab dengan Menggunakan Metode Imla’ di Madrasah Diniyyah Takmiliyyah Awaliyyah Al-Falah. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Bangsa, 2(12), 5545–5548. https://doi.org/10.59837/jpmba.v2i12.2025
Gueddah, H., Nejja, M., Iazzi, S., Yousfi, A., & Aouragh, S. L. (2022). Improving SpellChecking: An effective Ad-Hoc probabilistic lexical measure for general typos. Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 27(1), 521. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v27.i1.pp521-527
Habib, Moh. T. (2025). Classroom Action Research on Digital Interactive Learning for Arabic Speaking Development in Islamic Junior High Schools. Al-Muhawaroh: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab, 1(1), 12–22. https://doi.org/10.38073/almuhawaroh.v1i1.2495
Hanifansyah, N. (2025). Exploring the Potential of Arabic Keyboard for Learning Arabic Writing / Maharah Kitabah with Mnemonic Approach at UII Darullughah Wadda’wah. Lisanan Arabiya: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab, 8(2), 272–291. https://doi.org/10.32699/liar.v8i2.7959
Mahmudah, M. (2025). Enhancing Arabic Vocabulary with Hilyah Book. Al-Muhawaroh: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab, 1(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.38073/almuhawaroh.v1i1.2427
Mahmudah, M., Maghfiroh, L., Hanifansyah, N., & Syakur, S. A. (2025). Enhancing Arabic Rhetoric Education through Mind Mapping: A Focus on Bayan & Badi’. Lughawiyyat: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra Arab, 8(1), 32–55. https://doi.org/10.38073/lughawiyyat.v8i1.2208
Martan, M., Zaid, A. H., & Mahmudi, I. (2021). TEACHING MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT FOR IMLÂ’ LESSON TO ENHANCE STUDENT’S WRITING SKILLS. Arabiyat : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab Dan Kebahasaaraban, 8(1), 46–59. https://doi.org/10.15408/a.v8i1.17559
Masnun, Segaf Baharun, & Sultan Abdus Syakur. (2025). Interactive Whiteboard as a Medium for Nahwu Learning: Bridging Technology and Arabic Grammar Education. International Journal of Arabic Language Teaching, 7(01), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.32332/ijalt.v7i01.9977
Miles, M., & Huberman, M. (1989). Some procedures for causal analysis of multiple‐case data. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 2(1), 55–68. https://doi.org/10.1080/0951839890020106
Mukhamadiyev, A., Khujayarov, I., Djuraev, O., & Cho, J. (2022). Automatic Speech Recognition Method Based on Deep Learning Approaches for Uzbek Language. Sensors, 22(10), 3683. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22103683
Salameh-Matar, A., Basal, N., Nashef-Tali, B., & Weintraub, N. (2016). Development and validity of the Arabic Handwriting Assessment for elementary school students. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 79(4), 212–219. https://doi.org/10.1177/0308022615616819
Salameh-Matar, A., Khoury Metanis, A., & Khateb, A. (2024). Early handwriting performance among Arabic kindergarten children: The effects of phonological awareness, orthographic knowledge, graphomotor skills, and fine-motor skills. Journal of Writing Research, 16(1), 79–103. https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2024.16.01.03
Shalhoub-Awwad, Y., & Cohen-Mimran, R. (2024). On the role of morphology in early spelling in Hebrew and Arabic. Morphology, 34(2), 151–172. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11525-023-09408-5
Shohieb, S. M., Elhady, A. E. M., Mohsen, A., Elbossaty, A., Rotab, E., Abdelmonem, H., Elsaeed, N., Mostafa, H., Atef, M., Tharwat, M., Reda, A., Aya, M., & Haji, S. A. (2020). “Let’s Play a Game!” Serious Games for Arabic Children with Dictation Difficulties. In N. J. Nunes, L. Ma, M. Wang, N. Correia, & Z. Pan (Eds.), Entertainment Computing – ICEC 2020 (Vol. 12523, pp. 77–89). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65736-9_6
Solehudin, M. (2025). Storytelling as a Pedagogical Tool in Arabic Language Teaching: Enhancing Speaking Skills. Kalamuna: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab Dan Kebahasaaraban, 6(2), 353–369. https://doi.org/10.52593/klm.06.2.09
Solehudin, M., Hanifansyah, N., Masnun, Arisandi, Y., Mahmudah, M., & Syaheed, S. (2025). The Psycholinguistic Effects of Blackboards and Colorful Chalk on Arabic Vocabulary Acquisition in Malaysian. Izdihar : Journal of Arabic Language Teaching, Linguistics, and Literature, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.22219/jiz.v8i2.36624
Solehudin, M. & Nur Hanifansyah. (2024). Arabic Public Speaking in Malaysia: Enhancing Vocabulary and Confidence through Psycholinguistics. International Journal of Arabic Language Teaching, 6(02), 143–156. https://doi.org/10.32332/ijalt.v6i02.9920
Vogel, A. P., Spencer, C., Burke, K., De Bruyn, D., Gibilisco, P., Blackman, S., Vojtech, J. M., & Kathiresan, T. (2024). Optimizing Communication in Ataxia: A Multifaceted Approach to Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC). The Cerebellum, 23(5), 2142–2151. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12311-024-01675-0
Zhang, Y., & MacWhinney, B. (2023). Using diagnostic feedback to enhance the development of phonetic knowledge of an L2: A CALL design based on the unified competition model and the implementation with the Pinyin Tutor. Language Testing in Asia, 13(1), 35. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40468-023-00232-6
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Wira Nama Wira Bangsa, Ahmad Azkia Salam, Nur Aunie Batrisya
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
