Islamic Educational Thoughts of Tuan Guru Haji (TGH) Muhammad

In every era, there are phenomenal events that impress people, full of astonishment and awe. In this context, admiration can be for objects, animals, or people so that it is referred to as "the center of attention/figure". What meant by a character by the author here is a person who has received general and broad recognition because of the depth of knowledge, piety, and noble character from the surrounding community or commonly called Ulama. In addition, there is still a lack of research participation by Indonesian Islamic education scholars on local Islamic education thinkers. Also, the possibility of conducting historical studies on local themes outside of economic and political aspects that have relevance to the life of the Indonesian nation, such as the thought of Islamic education, is expanding.


INTRODUCTION
In every era, there are phenomenal events that impress people, full of astonishment and awe.In this context, admiration can be for objects, animals, or people so that it is referred to as "the center of attention/figure".What is meant by character by the author here is a person who has received general and broad recognition because of the depth of knowledge, piety, and noble character from the surrounding community or commonly called Ulama.
From the perspective of the Koran, without intending to tamper with the term 'ulama which seems standard, the designation for people with various kinds of knowledge is Ulama', Ulul 'Ilmi, Ahludzikri, Arrasikhun Fil 'Ilmi, Ulul-albab.The word Ulama is mentioned twice in the Qur'an, namely in sura as Shura 197 and surah al Faathir 28. 1 Ulama has a big role in providing teaching to all people wherever they are, inseparable from Indonesia.At the start, since Islam entered Indonesia in the 7th century AD2 This truth is strengthened by the birth of the Walisongo figure who spread Islam throughout Java.
His character as an individual and as a scholar at that time is not in doubt.This is proven by the frequent presence of distinguished guests who took the time to visit his The greatness of a person as an educator in an educational institution with an educational system structure cannot be said to be perfect if in the future the institutions and systems they develop turn out to be unable to speak much in the larger arena.Vice versa, there are not a few educational institutions that have institutional organizations that are not too neat and are said to be great, big, and respected because they have students and students who can speak a lot on the local and national levels.
Looking at this barometer, Tuan Guru Haji Muhammad Soleh Chambali has what is stated as a qualified output (students), this is evidenced by the success of his students becoming religious figures/leaders and almost all of them becoming Tuan Guru with the respective educational institutions they lead.
In addition, there is still a lack of research participation by Indonesian Islamic education scholars on local Islamic education thinkers.Also, the possibility of conducting historical studies on local themes outside of economic and political aspects that have relevance to the life of the Indonesian nation, such as the thought of Islamic education, is expanding. 4e two things mentioned above (finding thoughts on Islamic education and studies of local Islamic figures) caused the author to feel challenged to research "The

RESEARCH METHODS
This research is a study of the thoughts of figures using a literature review (Library Research) with a History and Sociology approach.therefore the main guide is the books that are the work of Tuan Guru Haji Muhammad Soleh Chambali Bengkel al-Lomboki.
This study tries to provide an overview of the thoughts of a character through his works, especially the book Ta'limu al-Shibyan bi Gayat al-Bayan.Methods of data collection in this study using interviews and documentation.As for the data analysis in this study using content analysis.5

A. Socio-Religious Background
On the island of Lombok, the life of the Islamic religion is very neglected, because most of the Sasak people still embrace the imperfect religion of Islam and leave matters of worship to kiai (religious leaders).After the 20th century, this group broke away from the Islamic group and called itself adherent to Telu Time Islam.Apart from believing in Allah and the Prophet Muhammad as His messenger, they still believe in gods and supernatural powers caused by spirits, the highest god is Batara Guru.Such belief is because Islam entered Lombok in the 16th century, and there was almost no continuous development.Moreover, they were abandoned by preachers who came from Java at an early stage. 6e kiai who was assigned to guide them could not carry out their duties because they did not receive encouragement and assistance from rulers who were Hindus (from the 17th century to the 19th century).Even before the mid-19th century, the kingdom of Mataram (Karangasem-Bali) had taken action which resulted in hampering the development of Islamic religious life and causing deviations from the teachings contained in the Qur'an and al-Hadith. 7After the rule of Mataram, Karangasem, Lombok was conquered by the Dutch colonialists on July 5, 1894, the people of Lombok were then colonized by the Dutch.
Even though it has made the atmosphere worse for the community, they have approached the nobility who still maintain the customs and habits of their ancestors to be hostile to Islamic figures and proponents.By carrying out propaganda to the nobles not to want to embrace Islam which prohibits agreements on rights, the degree in the eyes of humans that distinguishes humans from humans in the sight of Allah is only piety.This situation continued until the Indonesian independence. 8rship matters are the responsibility of religious leaders (kyai) only and people who are not kiai do not pray and fast.Seeing this condition, several Lombok clerics held a meeting in Ampenan to discuss how to tackle community backwardness.
An Arab cleric named Ustadz Sayid Abdurrahman al Jufri gathered Islamic leaders in Ampenan and the result of the deliberations at that time was to establish an educational institution.The "Darul Ulum" madrasah was established.The next plan was realized after Ustadz Sayid Abdurrahman al-Jufri was assisted by Sayid Salim al-Jufri and other teaching staff. 9 This madrasa then gave birth to intellectuals about Islam on the island of Lombok.This Darul Ulum madrasah alumnus then established Islamic boarding schools as well as new madrasas around Ampenan.Public awareness began to awaken through young scholars and intellectuals who learned from various new madrasas.Local confrontations were born to fight colonialism with its various tendencies.Among these figures are Tuan Guru Hafidz Kediri, Tuan Guru Haji Abdul Karim Kediri, Tuan Guru Zainuddin Abdul Madjid, and Tuan Guru Lopan, using the method of resistance through education.Meanwhile, the method chosen by Tuan Guru Haji Muhammad Soleh Chambali was both oral and written.
Tuan Guru Haji Muhammad Soleh Chambali's resistance through writing against the invaders can be seen as always quiet in the Muqaddimah of his books 10 : a. Muqadimah Ta'lim Al Shibyan Bighayatu Al Bayan: Soleh was given by a pious named Haji Ali on Monday. 13en he was six months old in the womb, his father died so he was raised by his mother, seeing the poor economic situation of his family, so one of his uncles named Mr. Rajab gave him living expenses even though he was still in his mother's lap.
Six months after his birth, Muhammad Soleh's mother passed away.So he became an orphan.After the death of his mother he was raised directly by his uncle, Mr.
Rajab, and his wife made Muhammad Soleh an adopted son, he was cared for, raised, and given an education after Mr. Rajab went on a pilgrimage and then changed his name to Haji Abdullah.The suffering of Muhammad Soleh Chambali Kecil's life can be said to be slightly reduced at least he has caregivers from two families who are kind and quite rich and are willing to fight for and raise him.For the struggle of Haji Abdullah and his wife Muhammad Soleh who later became known as a prominent writer.He is known by his full name Muhammad Soleh Chambali Bengkel Al Ampenani, becoming one of the figures who are highly admired throughout the country (Lombok), especially among the 20th-century Nahdlatul Ulama (Lombok) figures. 14 the age of seven, Muhammad Soleh Chambali was then handed over to learn to recite the Qur'an al Karim by his adoptive father to a Tajwid expert teacher named Mr. Ramli, a Sumbawa teacher.care of Tuan Guru Haji Abdul Hamid Ampenan.
When Muhammad Soleh Chambali was twelve years old he was brought to Mecca by his adoptive parents for a pilgrimage after a while living in Mecca his mother died in 1325 H15 precisely on the sixth day of the Hajj month of that year.
After the death of his adoptive mother, Muhammad Soleh settled on the birthday of Prophet Muhammad SAW, then at Ali RA's birthday, for nine years or less to study religion with several Ulama, be it the science of Fiqh, Tafsir, Sufism, and other branches of religious knowledge.He returned to Lombok (Indonesia) in the middle of the fasting month at the start of the war in Mecca. 16

D. The Teachers
While studying in the holy city of Makkah Tuan Guru Haji Muhammad Soleh Chambali Al-Lomboki Workshop studied religion from sheikhs who are faqih in their respective fields 17

E. The Masterpiace
The scientific manifestation of this figure is more than just being absorbed and then deposited in the head, but trying to be transformed into personality, and behavior, and don't forget that he did it through writing 20 : 1. Ta'limu al-Shibyan bi Ghayat al-Bayan, (1354 H/1934 AD) which contains monotheism, fiqh and tasawuf; written in 1354 H, printed in Surabaya.Imam al-Ushfuriy, (1364H/1944)   written in 1364 H, published in Surabaya.

F. Gait and Struggle
Upon his return from Mecca ( 1334 "Syahdan, according to a story I heard from my parents when the ninik (Grandfather) started teaching religious knowledge at the Mosque (Masjid Bengkel) suddenly the sound of gamelan music and cockfighting was hard to compete with the recitations held by the ninik.Until one-day ninik prayed to Allah from inside the mosque.Suddenly there was a hurricane and a great fire which only happened in the gamelan and cockfighting arena, which resulted in chaos for the gamelan and cockfighting performances, they then ran into the mosque and after they entered the mosque the fire disappeared." Since then the Bengkel community began to take part in reciting and studying the Islamic religion, the learning process of the Bengkel community was then widespread among the community outside Bengkel Village and Lombok in general.From day to day, the community then began to come in droves to study Islamic religious knowledge at Bengkel Village until finally the Darul Qur'an Islamic boarding school was formed. 22 addition to his success in fostering Islamic boarding schools and the community with his various advantages, he is also a central figure for  reflected when he gives a fatwa to the recitation congregation and to all students who study at him, choosing the Nahdlatul Ulama Party whose law is Fardhu Aridhi. 23e teaching activities conducted by Tuan Guru Haji Muhammad Soleh Chambali were so busy that to attend an event he had to use a Dokar vehicle (horsedrawn cart).In terms of worship, he was extraordinary, in both sunnah prayers and remembrance and other sunnah practices.Especially in the month of Ramadan, he always does I'tikaf, especially at the end of Ramadan the service to the Khaliq is increasingly intensified to the point that no one is allowed to interfere.While outside the month of Ramadan he seclusion at home, while writing, composing, and serving the people whose time has been arranged. 24s piety to Allah is the estuary of karamah and privileges that make him often referred to as Waliyullah.Thus it is not surprising that later his students are also of the Jinn type but these Jinn are not used for specific purposes as is often practiced by normals and necromancers, the jinn only recite recitations to him.
Tuan Guru Haji Muhammad Soleh Chambali's dedication to education was so high that Dr. Abdul Syakur, MA., placed him in the group of Ulama who reformed Islamic Education through cultural values. 25e teaching delivered is entirely based on Ahlu Sunnah wal Jama'ah understanding and even recommends and even instructs all students to always learn to increase knowledge from Ahlussunah wal Jama'ah teachers.For full details, Tuan Guru Haji Muhammad Soleh Chambali Bengkel's message reads : Assalamu'alaikum Wr.wb.Alhamdulillahirabbil 'alamiin wa as prayeru wa as salam 'ala asyrofi al mursaliin wa 'alaalihi wa sohbihi ajma'in amma ba'du.Thank God, I say to Allah subhanahu wata'ala that we can hold this meeting today, perhaps this is the last meeting between you and me; therefore I mandate as follows : 1. Practice all the lessons and knowledge that you get from me and try to increase your knowledge by studying the Ulama Ahlussunnah wal Jama'ah.

Apart from that, I instruct all of you to continue to maintain the Darul
Quran school and try to make it grow big.
Even though the names of the books of al Mu'tabarah have been mentioned above, the author has not been able to classify which books Tuan Guru Haji Muhammad Soleh Chambali taught at a number of educational institutions (lower and advanced Madrasahs, Islamic Recitations, Kindergartens) children who stand at the Darul Qur'an College Foundation.
d. Santri as students, and kiai as leaders and coaches in the pesantren.

Educational Objectives of the Darul Qur'an College Foundation
To achieve the educational goals mentioned above, the Darul Qur'an Education Foundation opened several institutions ranging from kindergarten to high school level. 31The institutions that were opened included : a. Opening madrasas/lower and high schools.
b. Open courses on religious and general knowledge.h.Provide assistance to students who are intelligent and unable to continue to higher education.

Wealth of the Darul Qur'an College
The assets of the Darul Qur'an College Foundation which were written based on a 1961 notarial deed document, include the following : a.The Foundation's first wealth was obtained from the wealth of the Darul Qur'an College in the Workshop which was handed over to this foundation, which consisted of : b. 2 (two) Madrasah 12 (twelve local) buildings with their yards, located in the Bengkel.
c.An office building using 6 (six) rooms with their yards, located in the Workshop.
d.A teacher's house with its yard, located in the Bengkel.
e.A paddy field, with an area of 0.75 ha (seventy five acres), is located in Subak Bengkel, Bengkel village, West Ampenan district.Paddy field land 0.115 ha (One Hundred and Fifteen Are. f. 12 (twelve) student dormitories with their yards are located in the

CONCLUSION
Today's modern society is often overcome by feelings of doubt and indecision even though the fulfillment of life, both clothing, housing, and even tertiary is adequate.
This arid feeling and full of distrust gave birth to a new ecosystem, namely a society full of suspicion, a society that knows no shame so that it holds wrong.The instability of this ecosystem is a big question in the 21st century and the answer is very simple "Realize yourself by thinking about God's creation and never think about God himself.Putting the concept of monotheism in our worldly life gives us a belief and a feeling of calm and peace because humans no longer depend on animism or dynamism.With monotheism, humans live meaningfully, because they believe that they will get a good reward for all their kindness.
residence, including the President of the Republic of Indonesia: Ir.Soekarno, Minister of Religion: KH.Saifuddin Zuhri, Coordinating Minister for Security: General AH.Nasution, Rois 'Am Pengurus Besar Nahdlatul Ulama (PBNU): KH.Abd.Wahab Hasbullah, Chairman of PBNU: KH.Idham Khalid, Chairman of PBNU: H. Subhan ZE, NU figures: Anwar Musaddat, KH.Ma'shum father KH.Ali Ma'shum, KH.Hamid Wijaya: Chairman of Anshar, First Governor of NTB: R. Aria Ruslan Cakraningrat, and others.So it's not too much if Dr. H. Ahmad Abd Syakur positioned him as a development agent for the acculturation of Islamic values through 20th Century Islamic Religious Education on Lombok Island. 3 Seeking knowledge is faridatun, for Muslims and Muslims.O my son who is expected to be noble -Knowledge is a sign of happiness -because its advantages are very real -The Qur'an and Hadith have said -Tauhid Fiqh Fardu 'Ainnya -The same goes for the science of Sufism -The three of them in this treatise -Will get it God willing -Greetings sir and respect -Freedom remains the world hereafter.b.Muqaddimah Bintang Commerce on Business Advantages: Ayyuhai my beloved brother -Please read this Star -It's like a bright light -Because it was taken from the warehouse -For those who do business in the area -Al Dunia Mazra'atu al Akhirat -Greetings We sincerely -Freedom remains in the world and the hereafter.c.Muqadimah Washiat al Musthofa Li Aliyi al Murtdha: Hi Dear Brother -Whoever this hapadz is washiat -He is the one who praises Allah ahyaat -Still dead in the Creed -Resurrected by Allah on the Day of Judgment -Faqih 'Alim gets intercession -Perfect greetings and mercy -Free to live in the hereafter.d.Muqadimah Diamond Diamonds (Jewelry) for men and women: O my sons and daughters -Please listen to this teaching -Looks like diamonds -Become jewelry for men and women -Picked from the hadith of the Prophet -Narrated by Ali -And his wife is a moving star -She is Fatimah Al Zahra -Please wear night and day -So that you are safe Wife Islamic Educational Thoughts of Tuan Guru Haji (TGH) Muhammad . . .| Segaf Baharun Al-Jadwa: Jurnal Studi Islam, Vol. 1, No. 2, Maret 2022 | 195 -Happy to receive grace -Coupled with ni'mah -Greetings from the Father with respect -Freedom is still the world hereafter.e. Muqadimah Mawa'idzu Al Sholihiyah Fi al Ahadits al Nabawiyah: This is an introduction-Presence of ikhwati-Illuminated by Allah one's face-Hears a brilliant Hadith-Then he fulfills another person-As he heard clearly-Whoever conveys his brother-Forty hadiths on his religion-Allah resurrected on the day of judgment -Enters Heaven together with the door -This regulator (the book) sends greetings -Merdeka remains perfect and complete.B. A Brief History Of The Workshop Village Bengkel Village is one of ten villages in the Labuapi sub-district of West Lombok, NTB, which consists of five hamlets, namely Dusun Bengkel Selatan, Bengkel Utara, Bengkel Timur, Bengkel Barat, and Dusun Datar, adjacent to the eastern part of the sub-district capital. 11he word Bengkel comes from the name of a large tree that was formerly in the Bengkel village area where many large trees grew which the people at that time called the Bengken Tree.Over time this designation changed to Bengkel and is used as the name of the village until now.From its formation until now it has been led by fifteen village heads with the first village head named Amen Teker (Mr. Taker) who has led Bengkel village for 15 years. 12Geographically, Bengkel village has an area of 4,000 M with the following boundaries: North side: Babakan Village, East side: Merembu Village, Southside: Kediri Village.West side: Dasan Cermen Village.With a height above sea level: of 220, the amount of rainfall: of 2000-2500mm/ year, topography, and lowlands with a population of 7,268 all of whom are followers of Islam.C. TGH's Childhood and Education.Muhammad Soleh Chambali Muhammad Soleh Chambali Bengkel was born into a poor religious family; his first name was Muhammad Soleh, and his father's name was Chambali bin Gore.He was born around 1313 H (1896 M) on the seventh night of Saturday Isha's time in the fasting month and died on Thursday 08 November 1968 M. The name Muhammad H/1913 M) 21 Tuan Guru Haji Muhammad Soleh Chambali founded the Darul Qur'an Islamic Boarding School (in 1915 AD/1335 H) as a vehicle for education.He started teaching by conducting halaqah recitations; It was not without hindrance from the Bengkel community itself that the recitation groups that were founded in the first year, as told by the Bengkel village head Mr. Halissusabary (grandson) about Tuan Guru Haji Muhammad Soleh Chambali : buildings/dormitories and equipment.

Workshopg.
Madrasah and office inventory items, consisting of : 150 (one hundred and fifty) student desk and bench sets, 20 (twenty) teacher desk sets, 3 (three) writing desk sets, 2 (two) cupboards, 1 (one) guest table set, and 2 (two) writing machines.And then the wealth of this foundation is obtained from: a. Zakat and Waqf b.Donations from member donors c.Donations from the government d.Other legitimate businesses h.Composition of the First Board of the Darul Qur'an Workshop Foundation.