Feelings Of Heaviness, Helpless, And Resignation In The Poetry "Lau Tarji'in" By

This study aims to identify and describe the style of language contained in the poem "Lau Tarji'in" by Farouk Juwaidah. The object of study in this study is the poem "Lau Tarji'in" by Farouk Juwaidah which is contained in the poetry anthology "Lau Annana Lam Naftariq" by Farouk Juwaidah. The data collection method in this study uses the method of listening to documentation techniques. The data analysis method in this study uses descriptive and stylistic methods to examine the style of language in the poem "Lau Tarji'in". The results of this study found that in the poem "Lau Tarji'in" by Farouk Juwaidah there are several figurative languages such as hyperbole, rhetorical questions, repetition, climax, personification, simile, metonymy, synecdoche, and simile. The style of language in the poem "Lau Tarji'in" contains meaning. The meaning revealed from the use of figurative language in the poem "Lau Tarji'in" is the meaning of heaviness, helplessness, and surrender.


Introduction
Language style is the main element of beauty in poetry 1 .This is because the main function of language style is to show aspects of beauty related to linguistic scope and literary creativity 2 .The language styles used in Arabic 1 Nyoman K Ratna, Stilistika:Kajian Puitika Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Budaya (Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2009), 45. 2 Nyoman K Ratna, 45. literary works vary according to the genre of the literary work 3 .Apart from that, the meaning of a poem can be seen from the use of language style.Therefore, language style is characteristic of the author of a literary work, especially in poetry.This can be seen in the authors of Arabic poetry with the theme of love, such as Nizar Qabbani and Farouk Juwaidah.The two figures are Arab poets who are famous for their love poems, but between the two there are differences in terms of the style of language used.The difference between the two can be seen in the use of language style in Nizar Qabbani's love poetry which seems more heroic and passionate.Meanwhile, the language style in Farouk Juwaidah's poetry seems calmer, deeper, and simpler 4 .Farouk Juwaidah's language style with a calm, deep, and simple impression can be seen in one of his poems entitled "Lau Tarji'in‖ 5 which is contained in Farouk Juwaidah's poetry anthology entitled "Lau Annana Lam Naftariq" which was published in Cairo in 1998 6 .The poem "Lau Tarji'in" tells about the sadness of a man who was abandoned by his lover.The man's deep feelings of love gave rise to the desire to see his beloved come home.He is willing to wait for his girlfriend from morning to night.The creation of the poem "Lau Tarji'in" is decorated with a simple language style, but contains a deep meaning.To find out language style, tools are needed to carry out analysis.
Therefore, this research uses stylistic tools to determine the language style and meaning contained in the poem "Lau Tarji'in" by Farouk Juwaidah. 3Schoeler, Gregor, "The Genres of Classical Arabic Poetry Classifications of Poetic Themes and Poems by Pre-Modern Critics and Redactors of Dīwāns," Arabic Poetry: Studies and Perspectives of Research 5, no.6 (2011 2010): 1. 4 Sammad Hasibuan, "Nasionalisme Dalam Puisi 'Hanȋn' Karya Ahmad Rami dan Faruq Juwaidah (Sebuah Tinjauan Intertekstualitas)," Tsaqofiya : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Arab 4, no. 2 (July 28, 2022): 225, https://doi.org/10.21154/tsaqofiya.v4i2.99. 5 Farouk Juwaidah, Lau Annana Lam Naftariq (Kairo: Dar Gharib li at-Thaba'ah wa al-Nasyr wa al-Tauzi ', 1998 Stylistics is a modern Arabic linguistics 7 study that discusses linguistic phenomena and meaning 8 in words and sentences 9 .In Arabic literature, the term stylistics is called al-uslub science or al-uslubiyyah.In the book by Syihabuddin Qalyubi, it is explained that Nabil 'Ali Hasanain has an opinion regarding al-uslub science by saying that the analysis of al-uslub science is very broad, whether viewed vertically (morphology, phonology, lexicon, semantics, etc.) or horizontally (analysis of words, sentences, paragraphs, discourse, and the text as a whole) 10 .Stylistics has the main function, namely to explain how "meaning" in a text is created through the linguistic style or language of the author 11 .
The research position carried out by the researcher is to continue further research related to stylistics.However, even though this research is positioned as a follow-up to previous research, this research has quite significant differences in terms of the analysis used.Apart from that, a striking difference can be seen from the use of material objects in the form of the poem "Lau Tarji'in".This can be seen from several previous studies, as follows, ( 1 and Imam Syafi'i‖ in 2018 which aims to find out the style of language used in syi'ir araby in the 8 th century by Abu Nawas and Imam Syafi'i 14 .
Significant differences can be seen from the analysis style, because this research uses the stylistic analysis style of Rachmat Djoko Pradopo by first examining heuristic and hermeneutic reading.On the other hand, the difference that occurs is from the use of material objects in the form of a poem entitled "Lau Tarji'in" by Farouk Juwaidah.Therefore, the aim of this research is to determine the language style and meaning contained in the poem "Lau Tarji'in" by Farouk Juwaidah by focusing the study on the language style and meaning contained in the poem.

Methode
This research is included in the descriptive-qualitative research, because the data used is in the form of words to describe the object being studied 15 .The data source used in this study is a poem entitled "Lau Tarji'in" by Farouk Juwaidah which is contained in a poetry anthology entitled "Lau Annana Lam Naftariq".The data collection method in this study uses the listening method with documentation techniques, in which the researcher reads poetry and records it.
The analytical method used in this study is a descriptive analysis method, namely describing the findings using a stylistic approach to obtain the style of language and the meaning contained 16 in the poem "Lau Tarji'in" by Farouk Juwaidah.

Results and Discussions
Language Style in the Poetry "Lau Tarji'in" by Farouk Juwaidah In the discussion, several stages are presented to analyze the style of language in the poem "Lau Tarji'in" by Farouk Juwaidah by the stages described by Rachmat Djoko Pradopo in his book, namely by doing a heuristic reading to find out the meaning of the poem, and followed by doing a hermeneutic reading to find out the meaning of the poem and continue with the next stage in the form of linguistic style analysis 17 .

Heuristic Reading
The first stage in analyzing the language style in the poem "Lau Tarji'in" by Farouk Juwaidah is to use heuristic reading, namely literary works are read according to the structure of the language to explain the meaning of the language.
Riffaterre believes that the meaning of a literary work must be understood using semiotic reading which consists of two, namely heuristic and hermeneutic reading 18 .The heuristic reading in the poem "Lau Tarji'in" by Farouk Juwaidah is as follows.

Hermeneutic Reading
The second stage after heuristic reading is hermeneutic reading which is used to capture the meaning contained in the poem.The hermeneutic reading in the poem "Lau Tarji'in" by Farouk Juwaidah is as follows.
The title ‫ترجعيه‬ ‫نﻮ‬ which means if you come home is a sign that a man misses his lover after leaving him.The longing is mounting, as evidenced by the expressions containing the hope to be with the lover.
The poem tells that the lover's return is highly anticipated by his partner, even though he does not know for sure where his lover is, which plant he grows in, in which galaxy he is, in which gem he lives, in which ocean he swims, on which earth he grows.Whose ribs are the place for you to return, and closed with whose heart is the place to return to.The question shows that there is considerable hope for a man who expects his lover to return with him.
This very big hope is evidenced by the magnitude of the sacrifice and struggle made by the man, who is willing to wait for the arrival of his girlfriend at any time, both in the morning when the sun shows its light, during the day when the clouds reveal their identity, even until the night is full of darkness.If in the waiting the lover appears, then he will also neglect to go to the beloved whose return is coveted.
A man's wait for his partner to appear reminds him of the story he shared with his partner, he remembers the beautiful past, but behind it all, he realizes that all of this is just a trace of the agreement between the two lovers.The man describes the figure of his lover coming when autumn arrives.In the end, the desire that increasingly emerged within the man brought him to the point of realizing that his lover would never return.

Language Style Analysis
To fully reveal the meaning of the poem "Lau Tarji'in", it is necessary to first understand language style in the form of sentences or syntax, word style, and sound style.Language style is an important part of a literary work, especially in literary works in the form of poetry.Language style can also be used as a characteristic of a writer because it represents the character of that writer 19 .The form of language style in the poem "Lau Tarji'in" by Farouk Juwaidah, is as follows.

Sentence Style or Syntax
The first discussion of language style is sentence style or syntax.In Arabic literature, the discussion regarding sentence style is called al-Mustawa an-Nahwi or al-Tarkibi 20 which aims to discuss how sentence structures form and how they influence meaning 21 .In the poem "Lau Tarji'in" there are several sentence styles, such as hyperbole, rhetorical questions, and others.However, the sentence style that dominates in the poem "Lau Tarji'in" is the sentence style in the form of a rhetorical question which is used to emphasize an expression by presenting a question without requiring an answer. 22.In Arabic literature, the style of language in the form of rhetorical questions is called al-as'ilah al-Balaghiyah.This can be seen in the first stanza of the poem, namely: The verse fragment above is included in the form of a rhetorical question because in its composition the poet expresses a question that does not expect an answer.This can be seen from the poet's expression of asking now, where are you, my destiny? in which garden are you now growing as a flower? in which galaxy do you fill the universe?in which jewel do you live?In which ocean do you swim?Where on earth do you live?In which rib contains you?In which heart do 20 Abushihab, Ibrahim, "A Stylistic Analysis of Arab-American Poetry: Mahjar (Place of Emigration) Poetry," Journal of Language, Teaching, and Research 11, no. 4 (2020) you settle, after mine?The question above is rhetorical because the question is not meant to be answered.However, it is an assertion made by the poet.Moreover, the creator of the poem "Lau Tarji'in" combines three very influential elements.This is in accordance with what Masadi et al said that the poetry that emerges and is based on three elements, namely anxiety, feelings and emotions, forms a grammatical structure that is distinctive and full of meaning 24 .Furthermore, in the poem "Lau Tarji'in" there is also a sentence style in the form of hyperbole.In Arabic literature, the term hyperbole is called mubalaghah which is used to exaggerate something from its original reality 25 , as follows.
‫تعربين‬ ‫يوما‬ ‫السحب‬ ‫بني‬ ‫ألقاك‬ ‫يقني‬ ‫من‬ ‫ا‬ ‫هنر‬ ‫عينيك‬ ‫يف‬ ‫الفجر‬ ‫أطل‬ ‫حىت‬ 26The poetry quote above is in the form of hyperbole because in its composition the poet uses traits that exaggerate and do not correspond to reality.This can be seen from the words expressed by the poet in the form of the expression "perhaps I can find you when you cross the clouds" and the expression "dawn that fills your eyes."Both of these expressions are included in the form of hyperbole because they exaggerate the reality because a person humans cannot cross the clouds and dawn that the eye can see.
The next sentence style found in the poem "Lau Tarji'in" by Farouk Juwaidah is the repetition sentence style or al-tikrar 27 .This sentence style is a sentence style that contains repetition of words and aims to strengthen or emphasize a statement 28 .In the poem "Lau Tarji'in" several styles of repetitive sentences are found, such as at the beginning of the fourth and fifth stanzas which are a form of repetition of sentences from the beginning of the first stanza, as follows.

29
The poetry quoted above is included in the form of repetition because it contains repetition of words.This can be seen from the poet's repetition of words in the form of the words "I don't understand, where are you, my destiny?"The 2 lines above are the repetition of the first stanza.Therefore, the 2 lines of the stanza above are included in repetition because they include repetition of words carried out by the poet to emphasize the expression that the poet wants to convey.In addition to the above expressions, the use of repetition sentence style is also found in the fifth stanza of the poem "Lau Tarji'in" by Farouk Juwaidah in the form of the phrase ‫ترجعيه"‬ ‫"نﻮ‬ which is repeated three times in a row.This also aims to emphasize that the return of the beloved is highly anticipated.Keraf states that the repetitive language style used by Farouk Juwaidah in the poem "Lau Tarji'in" is included in the category of epizeuktic repetition, namely repeating important words, phrases and sentences several times 30 The form of the climax sentence style is also emphasized in the poem "Lau Tarji'in" by Farouk Juwaidah.Climax sentence style is a form or style of language that consists of a series of expressions that increasingly support emphasis 31 .The style of the sentence can be seen in the excerpt of the poem below.
ending with ‫.يساود‬The poet orders the three words above to emphasize his longing for his lover.First, the poet uses the sentence "I will stay on the beach" indicating that a man is still waiting for his lover to arrive on the beach.The next phrase "with waves that sometimes crash" suggests that even though the waves hit him, the man will still faithfully wait for the arrival of his lover.And it closes with the phrase "longing that is increasing" which suggests that the man's waiting is a wait that has no limits, like the man's love for his lover.

Language Style in Words
Language style in words better known as figurative language is used to enliven literary works by stating something indirectly.Usually, this figurative language is used in literary works in the form of poetry because poetry is a literary work that is often used by authors to express anxiety or anxiety that is in their minds and thoughts.In the poem "Lau Tarji'in" by Farouk Juwaidah, several figurative language are found that adorn the inner structure of the poem.Therefore, in this discussion, several forms of language styles are presented in the words contained in the poem "Lau Tarji'in" by Farouk Juwaidah.
The use of figurative language in the poem "Lau Tarji'in" is found in several stanzas, such as the use of figurative language in the form of personification, simile, metonymy, and so on.However, in the poem "Lau Tarji'in", the use of personification and figurative language dominates in the poem.The personification language style in Arabic literature is called al-Isti'arah al-Makniyyah, namely using human attributes for something abstract33 .The use of personification can be found in the poem "Lau Tarji'in" as contained in the lines of the poem below.

34
The arrangement of words in the stanza above is included in the form of personification because in its arrangement the poet uses human characteristics for something abstract.This can be seen from the use of the word ‫‪This‬أحﺎطىي‬ word is usually juxtaposed and becomes a human characteristic.However, in the above arrangement, the word is juxtaposed and attributed to an abstract thing in the form of the word ‫.نيم‬Not only in the second stanza, the personification sentence style is also found in the third line quotation in the poem, as below ‫تبقى‬ ‫ما‬ ‫أدلح‬ ‫األحالم‬ ‫موكب‬ ‫يف‬

35
The stanza above is included in personification.This can be seen from the poet's expression in the form of a dream procession at a glance I see what is left.
In the composition of these stanzas, the poet uses the word "procession" which is juxtaposed with the word "dream".The word "procession" or "parade" is one of the characteristics of humans.However, in the arrangement of the lines of the stanza above, the poet uses the word the other way around, namely using it and juxtaposing it with something abstract.This can be seen from the use of the word ‫ﻣﻮكب‬ which is paired with the word ‫األحالم‬ ‫احلقائب‬ ‫الصمت‬ ‫من‬ ‫يبق‬ ‫مل‬ . .‫األنني‬ ‫سوى‬ ‫الفارغات‬ ‫الكنوس‬ ‫و‬ ‫ذلفيت‬ ‫تعانق‬ ‫أطياف‬ ‫غري‬

36
The three lines in the third stanza above are included in personification.
This can be seen from the poet's expression in the form of nothing left from the silence of the suitcase.In the composition of the stanza lines above, there is the use of properties that are juxtaposed with an inanimate object.This can be seen from the use of the word ‫انصمت‬ which is used alongside the word ‫.انحقﺎئب‬ Therefore the line of the stanza above is included in the personification form because it uses human nature to something that is not lifeless.Next is the expression of the poet who uses the word ‫األويه‬ which is juxtaposed in the sentence ‫.انكىﻮش‬As is known that the word ‫األويه‬ is one of the characteristics of humans.However, in the stanza above, the word is not used properly.Even used for something that is not lifeless.Finally, namely the use of personification which is composed of the use of properties that are juxtaposed with an inanimate object.
35 Farouk Juwaidah,18. 36 Farouk Juwaidah,19.This can be seen from the use of the word ‫تعﺎوق‬ which is juxtaposed with the word ‫أطيﺎف‬ Furthermore, figurative language style is in the form of metonymy which is used to change names by using object attributes that are close to something being figuratively speaking 37 .The use of metonymic figurative language can be seen in the first and second lines of the first, fourth, and fifth stanzas in the poem "Lau Tarji'in" by Farouk Juwaidah.

38
In the stanza above, the poet uses the word ‫"قدري"‬ which can be interpreted as my destiny.The phrase spoken by the poet in his poem reads "Now, where are you, O my destiny.In the stanza line, the poet uses the word "destiny" not "my lover".The choice of words is a word form that is close to the object, in this case, humans.Because in essence, destiny is inherent in humans.
In the poem "Lau Tarji'in" other figurative language styles are also found, in the form of synecdoche, namely comparative language styles that use a part of a thing to express the whole (pras pro toto) or use the whole of a thing to express a part of it (totum pro parte) 39 , as stated in the second stanza of the poem below.The fragment of the second stanza above is included in the form of synecdoche because the poet uses a part of something to express the whole, namely the poet uses the word ‫.عيﻮن‬However, what the poet means is the whole of the sun, not just the eyes of the sun.Apart from the second stanza of the poem, the synecdoche language style is also found in the fifth stanza of the poem, namely.The use of the word ‫"يدي"‬ which means hand in the verse above is a form of synecdoche because the poet means not only the hand, but the whole soul and body parts.

‫الشمس‬ ‫عيون‬ ‫يف‬ ‫أنظر‬ ‫لت‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ما‬
Simile or tasybih language style is often used in a poem which is used to compare two things that are essentially different by using words such as, like, similar, like, like, and so on 42 .A simile language style can be seen in the fourth stanza of the poem "Lau Tarji'in", as below.

.
The stanza above is included in the form of a simile, namely comparing or likening two things that are essentially different.This similarity can be seen from the poet's expression that he likens his lover to a small green tree.The likeness between a lover in the form of a human and a tree is a form of comparison or likeness which is essentially different.

Language Style in Sound
Language style in sound is the third stage in the figurative language analysis model.Analysis of figurative language in sound is intended to support and emphasize the meaning of words or sentences.In addition, language style in sound is also used to deepen the meaning of words or sentences in literary texts, especially poetry 44 .The language style in sound in the poem "Lau Tarji'in" appears as follows.
The poem "Lau Tarji'in" shows an atmosphere of "heaviness", "helplessness", and "surrender".This atmosphere arises not only because of the choice of words and sentences but also because of the dominant sound, such as the use of the vowel "i:" which dominates and indicates helplessness and submission.However, this sound structure is combined with other vowels, such as "u", which indicates very heavy sadness.The following is an explanation of the language style in sound in the poem "Lau Tarji'in" by Farouk Juwaidah.
) research conducted by Miftahul Ilmi in 2021 entitled -Language Style in Ikhtārī Poetry by Nizar Qabbani: Stylistic Study" which aims to determine the language style in Ikhtārī Poetry by Nizar Qabbani 12 , (2) research conducted by Muhdie Amin Karim entitled -Understanding the Meaning of Peace and the Language Style of the Poetry Assalam by Anis Chauchane (Stylistic Analysis) in 2021 which aims to find out the meaning of peace and language style in the As-Salam poem by Anis 7 Taheriniya, Ali Bagher, Mohammadzadeh, Javad, and Ahmadi, Ebrahim, "A Stylistic Study of the Poem "al-Kas and al-Homum" the Poet Abu Noas in the Layers of Language, Semantics and Thought," Journal Arabic Language and Literature 13, no. 3 (2017): 380. 8Fahmi Firmansyah, -ANALISIS STILISTIKA DALAM PUISI ّ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻮﻫ‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ﺎو‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺎﻣ‬ Chauchane 13 , (3) research conducted by Azalia Mutammimatul Khusna entitled -Asy-Syi'ru Al-'Arabiy 8 th Century: Stylistic Analysis of the Poetry of Abu Nawas are you, O my destiny?In which garden are you now growing into a flower?what galaxy do you fill the universe?What gems do you live in?In which ocean do you swim?What earth did you grow up on?Which rib contains you?Whose heart will you dwell after mine?‫أعرف‬ ‫عدت‬ ‫ما‬ ‫قدري‬ ‫يا‬ ‫اآلن‬ ‫أنت‬ ‫أين‬ ‫ين‬ ‫تزهر‬ ‫احلدائق‬ ‫أي‬ ‫ويف‬ ‫الكون‬ ‫فضاء‬ ‫يف‬ ‫كن‬ ‫ر‬ ‫أي‬ ‫يف‬ . .‫حتلقني‬ ‫صرت‬ . .‫تسبحني‬ ‫حبر‬ ‫بأي‬ ‫سكنت‬ ‫لؤلؤة‬ ‫أي‬ ‫يف‬ ‫أرض‬ ‫أي‬ ‫يف‬ . .‫تنبتني‬ ‫ال‬ ‫اجلدو‬ ‫أحداق‬ ‫بني‬ ‫احتوتك‬ ‫قد‬ ‫الضلوع‬ ‫أي‬ ‫تسكنني‬ ‫قليب‬ ‫بعد‬ ‫قلب‬ ‫أي‬ ‫و‬ I still see the sun's eyes Perhaps in its bright light, you also ‫الشمس‬ ‫عيون‬ ‫يف‬ ‫أنظر‬ ‫لت‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ما‬ ‫تشرقني‬ ‫ضياها‬ ‫يف‬ ‫علك‬ 17 Rachmat Djoko Pradopo, Stilistika (Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press, 2022), 57-62. 18Michael Riffaterre, Semiotics of Poetry (Bloomington and London: Indiana University Press, 1978), 5-6.radiate light Then I cover the full moon with dew Maybe later I can find you when you cross the clouds An anxious night enveloped me Until dawn comes and fills your eyes with the river of faith In just a few moments, I rushed into your eyes In your eyes, there seems to be something Chains, storms, and caged sparrows I'm still on the beach Occasionally watching the waves and being tempted by the longing of lovers ‫لعلين‬ ‫ين‬ ‫احلز‬ ‫للبدر‬ ‫أطل‬ ‫و‬ . .‫ين‬ ‫تعرب‬ ‫يوما‬ ‫السحب‬ ‫بني‬ ‫ألقاك‬ ‫أحاطين‬ ‫الطويل‬ ‫الشك‬ ‫من‬ ‫ليل‬ ‫يف‬ ‫الفجر‬ ‫أطل‬ ‫حىت‬ ‫يقني‬ ‫من‬ ‫ا‬ ‫هنر‬ ‫عينيك‬ ‫ساعات‬ ‫عينيك‬ ‫إىل‬ ‫أهفو‬ ‫فيهما‬ ‫فيبدو‬ . .‫سجني‬ ‫وعصفور‬ . .‫وعاصفة‬ . .‫قيد‬ ‫اطئ‬ ‫الشو‬ ‫فوق‬ ‫أزل‬ ‫مل‬ ‫أنا‬ ‫أحيانا‬ ‫اج‬ ‫األمو‬ ‫أرقب‬ . .‫العاشقني‬ ‫حنني‬ ‫اود‬ ‫يز‬ On the parade of dreams, I glimpse what's left In the form of ashes of our agreement I see you staggering There's nothing left of you Besides the full shaking moments Melted after so many years Nothing was left of the silence of the suitcase And empty bowls but the sound of groaning There was nothing left of the light coming in through the window Apart from the shadows of fantasy that embrace my sadness And bring back those who left I'm still asking: What makes a butterfly